The Analysis of Factors Related to Self Care of Men Who Have Sex with Men (MSM) with HIV/AIDS

Abstract

ABSTRACT Introduction: Men who have sex with men (MSM) contain the highest risk factor and contribute significantly to HIV / AIDS transmission. As a chronic disease, MSM with HIV / AIDS needs treatment and care for the rest of their lives. The complexity of HIV disease and its treatment makes self-care essential for the optimal health of people living with HIV. The Health Belief Model (HBM) factors can explain and predict self-care behavior in MSM with HIV/AIDS. Objectives: This study aims to analyze the dominant factors associated with self-care of MSM with HIV / AIDS. Methods: This research uses quantitative methods with correlation analytic design. The sampling process employed a purposive sampling of 78 respondents. Primary data collection was processed by a self-care assessment questionnaire and HBM through google forms online survey. The data were analyzed using the Pearson product-moment correlation test and multiple linear regression. Results: The results showed that the highest mean HBM was in perceived self-efficacy (23.18) and selfcare in the spiritual domain (24.94). The bivariate results showed that self-care had a significant relationship with perceived susceptibility (r = 0.346, p <0.05), perceived benefits, (r = 0.255, p <0.05), and perceived self-efficacy (r = 0.406, p <0.05). The multivariate results found that perceived self-efficacy is the dominant factor (β = 0.406) which is related to the respondent’s self-care ability. Discussion: Most respondents have the belief that they are capable of self-care, the higher the perceived self-efficacy the better the chance of having self-care. Services that respect and value MSM as humans by providing motivation through counseling during Voluntary Counseling and Testing (VCT) play a role in maintaining and increasing perceived self-efficacy. Nursing care that is carried out with the belief that everyone has the ability to care for themselves can help the individual meet the needs of life, maintain health and well-being. Keywords: Health Belief Model, HIV/AIDS, MSM, Self-care