The Effect of Health Promotion Intervention on Anemia Prevention Behavior and Haemoglobin Level in Pregnant Women: Based on Health Promotion Model and SelfDetermination Theory

Abstract

ABSTRACT Introduction: Anemia during pregnancy has an impact on pregnancy and fetus. Pregnant women who have low iron status can affect the development of nerves and behavior of children. Low self-determination in pregnant women will affect the commitment to prevent anemia. The objective of the study was to analyze the effect of Health Promotion Model and Self Determination Theory Based Intervention on anemia prevention behaviors and hemoglobin level in pregnant mothers. Methods: This research was a quasi-experiment research with a pre- and posttest using a control group design. The samples were 30 pregnant women who did antenatal care in Community Health Center of Tanah Kali Kedinding Surabaya. Intervention through health education about anemia in pregnancy, family support and self-determination was held 3 times consisting of 1 meeting with health professionals, 1 meeting with pregnant mothers, and 1 meeting with pregnant women and their families through home visits. Data were collected using questionnaires that consist of adherence to iron supplementation and behavioral prevention of intestinal worms, food recall in 2x24 hours, and laboratory test for hemoglobin level. Paired T-test and Independent T-test was used to analyze data in this study. Results: There was an effect of Health Promotion Model and Self Determination Theory Based Intervention to anemia prevention behaviors and hemoglobin level (p = 0.013; p = 0.040).