Exploring the Barriers to Sexual and Reproductive Health Education for Men in Iran: A Qualitative Study

Abstract

Considering the obvious reasons for the necessity of men’s sexual and reproductive health education, the present qualitative study aims to identify and contextualize the barriers to sexual and reproductive health education to men in Iran. Materials and Methods: This qualitative research was conducted using conventional procedures of content analysis. A total of 34 participants consisting of authorities in health organizations, healthcare providers, clergies, and adult men in a general population were interviewed in two large cities of Iran including Tehran and Mashhad in 2016. Purposive sampling continued until data saturation was ensured. Data were collected through individual in‑depth semi‑structured interviews. All interviews were tape‑recorded and transcribed in verbatim. Finally, the data were analyzed using conventional qualitative content analysis. Results: Participants’ experiences were categorized into three main themes including (1) individual barriers, (2) sociocultural barriers, and (3) structural barriers along with seven subthemes including low perceived threat, unwillingness to learn, sociocultural taboos, family’s lack of knowledge and malperformance, policy‑making barriers, executive barriers, and health system deficiency barriers. Conclusions: Considering the results obtained, many barriers to men’s sexual and reproductive health education could be eliminated through overcoming the individual and structural barriers and sociocultural taboos, as major obstacles. The findings suggest overcoming these barriers and promoting men’s health require raising awareness overcoming sociocultural taboos. In this regard, policy‑makers should provide sexual and reproductive health education programs and create opportunities and facilities along with appropriate learning environments for men.