Assessment of Nurses’ Knowledge of Multiple Sclerosis in Morocco

Abstract

Nurses are essential in early detection, education, symptom management, treatment administration, and care coor-dination for patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). This role requires both theoretical and practical knowledge. This study evaluates the knowledge level among nurses regarding multiple sclerosis in Morocco. We conducted this cross-sectional study on 326 nurses in Morocco using a purposive sampling method, which involves selecting nursing specialties that have direct contact with patients with MS, aiming to target the most relevant professionals for the study. The data are collected using an anonymous questionnaire distributed individually to participants. We opted for multi-variable logistic regression models to analyze the data. The results highlighted a significant deficit in nurses’ knowledge of MS. Only 28.8% recognized it as a chronic disease, while nearly half identified it as autoimmune, inflammatory, or neurodegenerative. Commonly reported symptoms included sphincter abnormalities (56.4%), visual disorders (44%), spasticity (27.6%), sexual problems (26%), and cognitive issues (23.9%). Concerning risk factors, 46% attributed MS primarily to genetics, while 40% were unaware of any factors. Nearly half (47%) believed MS therapy is symptomatic, and only 33% were familiar with disease-modifying therapies (DMTs). 90% of nurses lacked continuous MS training. The study found significant associations between nurses’ knowledge and variables such as department of work (p = 0.045), gender (p = 0.041), and profile (p = 0.039). Lack of knowledge about MS may negatively influence early diagnosis and management of MS. To address this issue, we recommend improving the foundational training of healthcare professionals and introducing continuous education programs.