Intervensi kukis tempe gembus terhadap kadar trigliserida dan tekanan darah pada pasien diabetes melitus tipe 2

Abstract

Abstract Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) type 2 is a non-communicable disease that is a global health problem. The cause can be low daily fiber intake, so high-fiber diet intervention is recommended in its treatment. Tempe gembus which contains high fiber, is expected to provide sufficient fiber supply for people with DM type 2. Purpose: To analyze the effect of consuming tempe gembus cookies on triglyceride (TG) levels and blood pressure (systolic and diastolic) in patients with DM type 2. Method: An experimental study with a pre-post randomized control group design was conducted in December 2023-March 2024 in Banyumas Regency involving 36 patients with DM type 2. Participants were randomly divided into two groups (control and intervention). The intervention group consumed 30 g/day of tempe gembus cookies as a substitute for snacks supported by standard DM type 2 care for 28 days. Data analysis used an independent ttest or with 80% power and 95% confidence interval, p value <0.05 indicates a statistically significant difference. Results: There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in the mean changes in TG levels and blood pressure after the intervention (p = 0.093) for TG levels, p = 0.852 (systolic blood pressure) and p = 0.864 (diastolic blood pressure). However, clinically the intervention was able to reduce TG levels by 71 mg/dL (p = 0.039) and diastolic blood pressure by 4.62 mmHg, this decrease was better when compared to the control group. Conclusion: High-fiber dietary interventions accompanied by consistent lifestyle changes can help manage TG levels and blood pressure, especially in patients with DM type 2. Keywords: Blood Pressure; Diabetes Mellitus Type 2; Tempe Gembus Cookies; Triglycerides