Exploratory role of serum FGF-8 as a marker of bone metastasis in tumor progression

Abstract

Objectives: FGF-8, a member of the FGF family, plays a crucial role in cellular processes and has been implicated in cancer progression. The study aims to comprehend FGF-8's involvement in bone metastasis, emphasizing its potential as a diagnostic marker and focusing on its association with Bone-Alkaline Phosphatase (B-ALP) and other biochemical parameters. Methods: The case-control study spans 12 months, involving 60 participants, including 30 with secondary bone metastases and an equal number without metastasis. FGF-8 levels were quantified using ELISA, and B-ALP, serum ALP, and various biochemical parameters were assessed. The study employed standardized procedures to minimize bias, including matching cases and controls, and obtaining ethical approval. Results: In patients with bone metastasis, serum ALP levels, particularly B-ALP, were significantly higher. The metastatic group exhibited elevated FGF-8 concentrations, showcasing a positive correlation with B-ALP and serum calcium levels. The study successfully differentiated ALP isoenzymes through heat inactivation and L-phenylalanine inhibition. Additionally, serum calcium levels were markedly elevated in the metastatic group. Conclusion: The findings suggest that FGF-8 is a potential diagnostic marker for bone metastasis, particularly in breast and prostate cancers. Elevated FGF-8 levels correlate with increased B-ALP and serum calcium, indicating its role in osteoblastic differentiation in metastasis. The study proposes the utility of ELISA-based kits for FGF-8 in serum as a practical and efficient method for assessing bone tumor progression.