Immunostimulating Study of Active Agent Fraction from Sungkai (Peronema canescens Jack.) Leaf from SARS-COV-2 Virus Antigen Exposure to NK and CD8+T Cells

Abstract

Introduction: Sungkai (Peronema canescens Jack.) plant had been used as an immune system enhancer. Aim: In this study, the effect of Sungkai leaf extracts from 4 different fractions, namely n-hexane, ethyl acetate, butanol and residual water with 3 variations in doses of 1,10 and 100 mg/kg bw on the activity of NK and CD8+T cells in male white mice that have been exposed to SARS-Cov-2 virus antigen was investigated. Methods: The experimental animals used were 60 animals divided into 12 groups with 14 days of treatment which had previously been induced with SARS-Cov-2 virus antigen (Moderna) and given with Sungkai leaf extracts for 14 days and evaluated on day 15. The evaluation results of NK cells concentrations sequentially were 2.96; 4.66; 5.38; 5.43; 4.05; 2.89; 3.56; 4.21; 2.88; 1.99; 2.07; 4.40; 3.21; 3.40; and 6.93 ng/ml. On the other hand, the evaluation results of CD8+T cells concentrations sequentially were 27.47; 28.96; 29.19; 27.90; 21.85; 25.79; 27.98; 23.50; 23.39; 26.56; 22.62; 25.19; 23,55; 26,75; and 29,69 ng/ml. One-way ANOVA and Duncan test were used for the data analysis. Results: The results showed significant increase of concentration (p<0.05) towards concentration of NK cells in the butanol fraction at a dose of 1 mg/kg BW and CD8+T cells in the residual water fraction at a dose of 100 mg/kg BW. Conclusion: It can be concluded that fraction from sungkai (Peronema canescens Jack.) at doses of 1,10 and 100 mg/kg bw shows immunostimulatory activity. Key words: Peronema canescens Jack., NK Cells, CD8+T Cells, SARS-Cov-2.