Prognostic Factors in Predicting Primary Brainstem Hemorrhage Patients: An Experience in Indonesia’s Rural Hospital

Abstract

Background: Primary brainstem hemorrhage is a rare type of hemorrhagic stroke with a very high reported mortality rate in Indonesia. Aim: This study aims to demonstrate the mortality rate of cases in one of Indonesia’s rural hospitals. To help reduce the mortality rate, the prognostic factors of several cases were studied. These steps are needed to be able to predict the prognosis of primary brainstem hemorrhage patients and to give a better explanation to the family of the patients. Methods: A cross-sectional study was undertaken with collecting medical and radiological records from January 2018 to August 2020. A total sampling technique was done, and 340 patients were diagnosed with hemorrhagic stroke during that period. Only ten patients met the inclusion criteria and were included as the study samples. Statistical analysis using SPSS 22 and the Spearman correlation test adjusted for each variable. Results: Low prevalence of primary brainstem hemorrhage (7%). There were correlation between GCS score, brainstem hemorrhage location, and length of stay with the patient’s prognosis. Conclusion: Understanding these prognostic factors would reduce the prevalence of this primary brainstem hemorrhage and to ease the process of explaining the patients’ condition to the family. Key words: Brainstem, Factor, Intracerebral hemorrhage, Primary, Prognosis