Evaluation of the level of integration of the dental curriculum in Umm Al-Qura University

Abstract

Objectives: To identify the models and levels of integration of the undergraduate dental curriculum in Umm Al- Qura University in KSA. This comprehensive evaluation and analysis of the current dental curriculum will facilitate better planning for curriculum reform, thus improving the quality of dental education. Methods: All courses were evaluated by three reviewers who independently checked the most recent course specifications forms (2021) to extract data relating to course descriptions and contents. A model of integration was identified for each course (using a modified Harden’s integration ladder). Courses and their relative weighting (by credit hours) were mapped to the level of integration by years, departments, course classification, and educational methods. The overall pattern of curriculum integration was then determined. Results: All courses exhibited some level of integration to varying degrees throughout years and across departments. The most frequently used model is the nested model of integration. The overall pattern of curriculum integration is low to moderate. Highly integrated courses are only taught during the second and final years and are managed by the Departments of Basic Oral Sciences and Restorative Dentistry. Clinical courses represent 44.3% of the curriculum although only 26.6% of clinical courses have a high level of integration. Problem-based learning/ case-based learning (PBL/CBL) and clinical training strategies are mostly applied in moderately to highly integrated courses, although PBL/CBL is the least used educational method throughout the curriculum. Conclusion: All courses exhibited some level of integration with an overall low to moderate pattern. More collaborative planning and working between departments are recommended to increase the level of integration of courses throughout different academic years. In addition, modern educational strategies such as PBL/CBL and blended learning should be implemented more in our dental curriculum.