Effect of Allium sativum and Olea europaea on serum lipids in patients with diabetes mellitus

Abstract

Objective: This study was designed to assess the effects of a combination of Allium sativum and Olea europaea oil on disturbed lipid profiles in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods: This randomized control trial (RCT) involved 160 patients of either sex (aged 40e60 years) with T2DM and dyslipidemia, and were equally divided into two groups. Group A patients received hypoglycemic and lipid lowering agents (Tab glimepiride 2 mg þ metformin HCl 500 mg and Tab rosuvastatin 10 mg once a day orally). Patients in group B were given the same allopathic drugs as group A, in combination with A. sativum and O. europaea oil over a period of 6 months. Blood samples were taken at three stages of the study to allow the analysis of lipid profiles. Results: Analysis showed that after 3 and 6 months of treatment, the mean levels of serum cholesterol, triglycerides (TGs) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) were reduced in both groups and that there was a highly significant (P < 0.001) decline in group B when compared to group A. High-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels increased in both groups but there was a significant (P < 0.05) increase in the group B when compared to group A. The percentage reduction was highest at 6 months of treatment for cholesterol, TGs, LDL and HDL in group B (41.5%, 45.9%, 60.4% and 58.1%, respectively). Conclusion: The antihyperlipidemic activity observed may be due to the presence of antioxidants in the test substances. Further studies should be conducted with a larger sample size in order to further evaluate the role of A. sativum powder and O. europaea oil in patients with T2DM with dyslipidemia.