Anti-inflammatory Activity of Pegagan Embun (Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides Lam.) Plant Extract on Topical Application

Abstract

Introduction: Pegagan embun (Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides Lam.) is traditionally known to have many benefits, including anti-inflammatory. Aims: This study aimed to determine the activity of ethanol extract of Pegagan Embun as an anti-inflammatory using the granuloma pouch method. Methods: This experiment used 25 male white mice and were divided into five groups, namely, the positive control group, Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides Lam. extract group with concentration 0.5%; 1%; 2%, and the comparison group that given Kaltrofen® gel containing 2.5% ketoprofen. Experimental animals were given carrageenan 2% to induced the inflammation subcutaneously. The dosage form was given as much as 0.2 g topically for four days once a day. Results: Based on the results of one-way ANOVA analysis and Duncan's test, there were significant differences in exudate volume and total leukocytes (p<0.05) in the positive control group, extract with concentration 0.5%, 1%, 2%, and the comparator. While the percentage of leukocyte cells showed that they were not significantly different (p>0.05), the number of neutrophil cells decreased. Conclusion: From the overall data obtained, it can be concluded that the extract of Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides Lam. at concentration 0.5 %; 1%; 2%, has an anti-inflammatory effect. Key words: Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides Lam., Gel, Anti-inflammatory, Ketoprofen, Exudate, Leukocytes.