In Vitro Cytotoxic Activity Test of Tampa Badak (Voacanga foetida (Blume) Leaves on L1210 Leukemia

Abstract

Based on previous research, the ethanolic extract of the Voacanga foetida (Blume) Rolfe plant has cytotoxic activity using the Brine Shrimps Lethality test. Therefore, further tested the anticancer activity of extracts, fractions and isolated compounds from V. foetida leaves in vitro on L1210 leukemia cells using the direct cell count method with positive control doxorubicin. The results showed that the methanol extract, fraction of butanol fraction, ethyl acetate, and hexane, as well as isolated compounds Tb1 from fraction of hexane, Tb2 from fraction of ethyl acetate, and Tb3 from fraction of butanol leaves from V. foetida, had IC50 values of 4,4; 9; 8,4; 16,8; 0,9; 1,8; and 1,1 µg/mL, while doxorubicin has an IC50 value of 0.2 µg/mL. Based on the IC50 value, it showed that the extract, fraction, and isolated compound from Voacanga foetida leave had a strong cytotoxic effect as evidenced by the IC50 value < 20 µg/mL (extract and fraction) and < 4 µg/mL (isolate) for each test concentration.