Optimasi Formula Sediaan Losion Tabir Surya dari Ekstrak Etanol Kulit Buah Manggis (Garcinia mangostana L) dengan Metode Simplex Lattice Design

Abstract

Mangosteen rind (Garcinia mangostana L) contains xanthone compounds that have several pharmacological activities. One of those xanthone compounds is α-mangostin which is known active as an antioxidant and sunscreen protection. The optimization of the lotion formula was conducted by Simplex Lattice Design Method with three optimization factors: mangosteen rind extract as an active ingredient with a range concentration of 3-5%, stearic acid with range concentration 5-7%, and triethanolamine within range of 3-5%. Fourteen lotion formulas were prepared and evaluated for their SPF level, pH, and viscosity as optimization responsses. The optimum formula obtained was tested its SPF level, pH, viscosity, spreadability, adhesion, and mechanical stability. The results showed that macerated extract used ethanol 96% as a solvent produces the highest xanthone content of 64,57%. The ethanolic extract of mangosteen rind had an antioxidant activity with an IC50 value of 5.53 μg/ml and Antioxidant Activity Index (AAI) level at 14.46 with ascorbic acid as a reference, and has SPF value of 8.94 at a concentration of 50 μg/ml. The optimum formula which was obtained the SPF value of 7,49 ± 0.0297, the viscosity at 21,166.666 ± 10.41 cp which met SNI standard, and pH of 6.49± 0.0404 which met SNI standard, the spreadability at 7.83 ± 0.15 cm, and the adhesion at 2.03 ± 0.01 second.