Hemostatic abnormalities for predicting and management of disease severity in COVID-19 affected patients: Review

Abstract

Hemostatic abnormalities for predicting and management of disease severity in COVID-19 affected patients: Review Kovuri Umadevi a,*, Ruchira Clementina b, Dola Sundeep c,**, Mohd Imran Ali a, Rajarikam Nagarjuna Chary a, Arundhathi Shankaralingappa d a Department of Pathology, Government Medical College and Hospital, Khaleelwadi, Nizamabad, 503001, Telangana, India b Department of Health Sciences, Palm, BeachAtlantic University, Florida, 33401, USA c Biomedical Research Laboratory, Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Indian Institute of Information Technology Design and Manufacturing (IIITDM) Kurnool, Jagannathagattu Hill, Kurnool, 518008, Andhra Pradesh, India d Department of Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Managalagiri, 522503, Andhra Pradesh, India A R T I C L E I N F O Handling Editor: Prof A Angelo Azzi Keywords: SARS-COV-2 Hemostatic abnormalities Covid-19 D-dimer Ferritine And fibrinogen A B S T R A C T The recent Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic has posed significant challenges to global healthcare, with a myriad of impacts on the human body, particularly noted in hemostatic abnormalities observed in COVID-19 patients. These abnormalities have been linked to an increased risk of serious thrombotic events like deep vein thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, and stroke. Unlike existing literature, this comprehensive review delves into the long-term implications of these abnormalities, providing invaluable guidance for ongoing patient care as we move into the post-pandemic era. We cover the entire spectrum of hemostatic abnormalities, including elevated levels of aPTT, D-dimer, PT, ferritin, INR, fibrinogen, fibrin, and FDP, all of which create a complex clinical scenario necessitating vigilant monitoring and targeted therapeutic interventions. With a focus on the heightened risk of thrombotic complications, we underscore the importance of timely anticoagulant therapy and other necessary interventions, tailored to the patient’s unique clinical presentation. This review stands as a critical resource for clinicians, hematologists, and healthcare providers, equipping them to navigate the complexities of COVID-19 in both acute and long-term settings, ensuring optimal patient outcomes. As we collectively navigate the lasting impact of the pandemic, this targeted and in-depth analysis becomes an indispensable tool in advancing our understanding and management of COVID-19.