Factors Associated with Chronic Kidney Insufficiency Stage: A CrossSectional Study

Abstract

Factors Associated with Chronic Kidney Insufficiency Stage: A CrossSectional Study Siti Fadlilah 1* , Nazwar Hamdani Rahil 2 , Uswatun Khasanah 2 , Santi Damayanti 2 , Ariyanto Nugroho 3 ,

Fika Lilik Indrawati 4

1 School of Nursing, Taipei Medical University, Taiwan 2 Nursing Program Study, Faculty of Health Science, Universitas Respati Yogyakarta, Indonesia 3 Public Health Program Study, Faculty of Health Science, Universitas Respati Yogyakarta, Indonesia 4 School of Nursing, National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences, Taiwan * Authors Correspondence:d432111018@tmu.edu.tw, sitifadlilah@respati.ac.id/085710844204 ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Chronic Kidney Insufficiency (CKI) is a kidney disorder thatoccurs for at least three months and can become a chronic kidneydisease. Many risk factors can cause CKI related to individualcharacteristics and lifestyle. The purpose is to determine therelationship between age, gender, diabetes mellitus,hypertension, smoking, and consumption of energy supplementswith CKI stage in a selected hospital in Indonesia. This researchwas an analytic observational quantitative with a cross-sectionaldesign. The number of samples was 325 patients using theaccidental sampling technique. The instrument used creatinineresults and Glomerular Filtration Rate calculations based onlaboratory tests, questionnaires, and observation sheets.Bivariate analysis with Chi-Square. Most of the respondents inthe CKI stage V (38.8%), late elderly (35.4%), male (56.9%) hada history of diabetes mellitus (55.4%), hypertension (67.7%), didnot smoke (78.5%), and does not consume energy supplements(62.5%). Bivariate analysis showed a meaningful relationshipbetween age (X Article History: Received Sept, 10

th , 2022 Accepted Feb, 21 st , 2023 Published online Mar, 31 st , 2023

Keywords: CKI; CKD; diabetes mellitus; hypertension; smoking behaviours;

2 =8.52, p=0.019), history smoking behaviour (X 2 =7.12, p=0.026), diabetes mellitus (X 2 =4.39, p=0.037, and hypertension (X 2 =7.99, p=0.026) with CKI stage. Age, smoking behaviour, history of diabetes mellitus, and hypertension wereassociated with the CKI stage.