Comparative Analysis of Proteomics Biomarkers Associated with Residual Ridge Resorption Induced by Denture Wear

Abstract

Comparative Analysis of Proteomics Biomarkers Associated with Residual Ridge Resorption Induced by Denture Wear

Rohana Ahmad , Saiful Anuar Karsani 1,2* , Ainin Sofia Mohamad Napi 1 , Tong Wah Lim 1 , Su Keng Tan 3 , Nadim Z. Baba 4 , Musalmah Mazlan 5 , Lay Kek Teh 2 , Steven M. Morgano 6

7 1 Center of Restorative Dentistry Studies, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Selangor 47000, Malaysia 2 Integrative Pharmacogenomics Institute, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Selangor 42300, Malaysia 3 Centre of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery Studies, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 47000, Selangor, Malaysia 4 Institute of Biological Science, Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia 5 Institute of Medical Molecular Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Selangor 47000, Malaysia 6 Department of Restorative Dentistry, Rutgers School of Dental Medicine, New Jersey 07103, United States 7 Advanced Education Program in Implant Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Loma Linda University, California 92350, United States

Abs tra c t Background: The biochemical bone turnover markers for residual ridge resorption (RRR) are unclear. Therefore, the present study aimed to determine the biochemical bone turnover markers associated with RRR by comparing proteomics between the compressed mucosa of denture wearers and the non-compressed mucosa of non-denture wearers. Methods: The mucosal specimens of 11 complete-denture wearers were obtained from the alveolar ridge during surgical implant exposure for implant-retained overdentures. All denture wearers had been edentulous and worn dentures for at least 5 years. The tissues of 11 non-denture wearers were taken from the ridge during minor preprosthetic surgery. The mucosal proteins were extracted, purified, precipitated, and subsequently separated by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis for comparative proteomics. Differentially expressed proteins between the groups were analyzed by ANOVA using Progenesis SameSpots software. Results: Comparative proteomics analysis showed significant upregulation of 78 kDa glucose-regulated protein (GRP78; +2.2 fold, p = 0.015) and lumican (+1.8 fold, p = 0.005), as well as significant downregulation of heat shock protein 27 (HSP27; −1.9 fold, p = 0.029) in the denture group. Conclusions: Differential expression of the biochemical bone turnover markers of GRP78, lumican, and HSP27 may occur as a result of denture pressure on the mucosa. These markers may play important roles in RRR.

K e ywo rds : bone resorption, dentures, mouth mucosa, proteomics