RISK FACTORS RELATED TO CARBAMATE AND ORGANOPHOSPHATE PESTICIDE POISONING IN RICE FARMERS IN MASANGAN KULON VILLAGE, SIDOARJO DISTRICT

Abstract

RISK FACTORS RELATED TO CARBAMATE AND ORGANOPHOSPHATE PESTICIDE POISONING IN RICE FARMERS IN MASANGAN KULON VILLAGE, SIDOARJO DISTRICT Nur Eka Vutrianingsih1, Ikrimatuz Zulfa2, Jojok Mukono 1 1 Department of Environmental Health, Faculty of Public Health, Airlangga University, Surabaya, Indonesia 2 Department of Primary School Teacher Education, Faculty of Education, University of Surabaya, Surabaya, Indonesia Correspondence Address: Nur Eka Vutrianingsih E-mail: nur.eka.vutria-2015@fkm.unair.ac.id ABSTRACT To increase the production of crops, pesticides that can exterminate pest is unavoidable. However, a spray of pesticides that is over the volume standard might increase poison incidents in farmers. This study aimed to find risk factors affecting carbamates and organophosphates poison in Masangan Kulon village, Sukodono subdistrict, Sidoarjo district in 2019. This study was analytic observational with a cross-sectional approach. The sample was 28 farmers. The collected data were analyzed analytically using the Fisher Exact test. The independent variables included age, sex, education level, work period, the use of Personal Protection Equipment (PPE), duration of exposure, knowledge, a total of pesticides, and management of pesticides. The cholinesterase level in blood was done using Kinetic Photometric DGKC in the Surabaya Health Laboratory Center. The results showed 2 farmers (7.1%) were poisoned. The statistic test found no significant relationship between sex (PP = 0.091), education level (P = 0.553), work period (P = 0.288), use of PPE (P = 0.622), the number of pesticides (P = 1.000), knowledge (P = 0.549), and management practices of pesticides (P = 1.000) with pesticide poisoning. There was significant relationship between age (P = 0.001) and duration of exposure (P = 0.001) to pesticides. Several actions are required to avoid pesticide poisoning, such as counseling from relevant agencies about pesticides, periodically checking cholinesterase of farmers, and observing pesticide sale distribution in the village. Keywords: pesticides, carbamate, organophosphate, cholinesterase.