Associations of dietary diversity score, obesity, and highsensitivity C-reactive protein with HbA1c sensitivity

Abstract

Associations of dietary diversity score, obesity, and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein with HbA1c Irmayanti1*, Arta Farmawati2, Martalena Br Purba3 1. Public Health Postgraduate Program, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia 2. Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia 3. Department of Nutrition, Dr. Sardjito General Hospital, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia *E-mail: irmayanti@mail.ugm.ac.id Abstract Background: Associations of dietary diversity score (DDS), obesity and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) with glucose metabolism have been reported. Furthermore, DDS may not be associated with healthy weight. However, studies on these topics are limited in general Indonesia population. Methods: A total of 3,825 Indonesia Family Life Survey 2014/2015 participants aged 20–59 years old were included in this study. DDS was measured qualitatively in five food groups: carbohydrates, proteins, dairy products, vegetables, and fruits. Obesity was defined by Body Mass Index (BMI) classification for Indonesians. Blood analyses were performed in dried blood spot specimens. hs-CRP were analyzed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and HbA1c was analyzed using Bio-Rad D10. Results: High DDS group had higher HbA1c than low DDS group (p = 0.030). Furthermore, medium and high DDS group had higher BMI than low DDS group (p = 0.003 and <0.001). Obese group had higher HbA1c than nonobese group (p < 0.001). hs-CRP was correlated with HbA1c (r = 0.1194; p < 0.001). Multivariate analysis showed that DDS, obesity and hs-CRP were associated with HbA1c (p = 0.030, p < 0.001 and <0.001). Conclusions: Present study confirmed that obesity and hs-CRP are associated with HbA1c. DDS is positively associated with HbA1c and BMI. Promoting dietary diversity requires careful consideration. Moreover, further studies are warranted. Keywords: C-reactive protein, diet, HbA1c, obesity