Does Sleep Quality of Pregnant Women Influence Perinatal Outcomes in Poland?

Abstract

Does Sleep Quality of Pregnant Women Influence Perinatal Outcomes in Poland? Maagdalena Smyka1,† , Katarzyna Kosińska-Kaczyńska2,* ,† , Nicole Sochacki-Wójcicka1 , Magdalena Zgliczyńska2 , Mirosław Wielgoś1 11st Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-015 Warsaw, Poland 22nd Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Center of Postgraduate Medical Education, 01-809 Warsaw, Poland *Correspondence: katarzyna.kosinska-kaczynska@cmkp.edu.pl (Katarzyna Kosińska-Kaczyńska) †These authors contributed equally. Academic Editor: Michael H. Dahan Submitted: 20 February 2022 Revised: 13 April 2022 Accepted: 10 May 2022 Published: 2 June 2022 Abstract Background: To assess sleep quality during the latest pregnancy and to investigate its relationship with perinatal outcomes. Methods: A cross-sectional survey with a self-composed questionnaire was performed. It included the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and the Berlin Questionnaire. Results: 5890 women giving birth maximum one year before completing the survey were included. 87.8% of the respondents were assessed as having poor sleep according to the PSQI. Poor sleep increased the risk of preterm birth (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 1.54, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1–2.3) and cesarean delivery (aOR 1.2, 95% CI 1–1.4), while it was not related to neonatal birthweight. 5.9% of the respondents were classified as being at a high risk of obstructive sleep apnea according to the Berlin Questionnaire. High risk of obstructive sleep apnea increased the risk of preterm birth (aOR 1.53, 95% CI 1–2.2) and low birth weight infant (aOR 1.64, 95% CI 1.1–2.5). Conclusions: Sleep quality and obstructive sleep apnea risk have an impact on perinatal outcomes. Keywords: sleep quality; pregnancy; pregnancy outcome; preterm birth; low birth weight