The Association between Preeclampsia and Newborn Hearing Loss

Abstract

The Association between Preeclampsia and Newborn Hearing Loss Hubungan antara Preeklamsia dengan Penurunan Pendengaran pada Bayi Baru Lahir Abstract Siti R. Nanin 2 1 , Hatta Ansyori 1 1 , Aerul C. Alibasyah 1 , Ghanie Abla Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Department of Otorhinolaringology-Head and Neck Surgery Unit of Health and Medicine Research Faculty of Medicine Universitas Sriwijaya 3 Dr. Moh. Hoesin Hospital, Palembang Objective : To analyze the relationship between preeclampsia (PE) and the newborn hearing loss. Methods : This cross-sectional study was conductedat RSMH Palembang since December 2016 to July 2017, obtained 48 aterm neonates born from mother diagnosed with PE (11 PE and 37 severe PE). Measurements of neonatal hearing loss then performed using emission otoacoustic (OAE) in both ears by ENT division with categories interpretation of pass and referred. The mothers were physically checked and interviewed to obtain demographic data and obstetric history. After the data normality were proved by Shapiro Wilk test, we performed bivariate analysis using X2 test on demographic and obstetric characteristics of the mother, neonatal demographic characteristics, and determine the relationship of PE with OAE result. Results : There were no signifi cant differences in maternal and neonatal demographic characteristics in neonatal hearing loss (p> 0.05). No signifi cant relationship was found between PE and OAE of both ear (right, p = 0.437; left, p = 0.368). There was difference of mean of SBP and DBP of mother in neonate OAE of both ears (p <0.05) with cut offpoint of SBP 160 mmHg and DBP 106 mmHg.There was a signifi cant association between DBP (≥ 106 mmHg) of the mother and birth weight of the fetus (< 2.500 g) with referred OAE. Conclusions : There was a signifi cant association between neonatal hearing loss and maternal PE, determined primarily by maternal DBP, and neonatal birth weight. Keywords : maternal blood pressure, OAE, preeclampsia. Abstrak Correspondence author: Siti Rohmah, nanin_rohmah@gmail.com 2 , Legiran 3 Tujuan : Untuk menilai hubungan preeklamsia (PE) ibu dengan penurunan pendengaran bayi baru lahir. Metode : Penelitian observasi analitik dengan disain potong lintang dilakukan di RSMH Palembang sejak Desember 2016 sampai Juli 2017, diperoleh 48 neonatus aterm lahir dari ibu PE (11 PER dan 37 PEB). Neonatus dilakukan pengukuran pendengaran menggunakan otoakustik emisi (OAE) pada kedua telinga oleh divisi THT dengan kategori intepretasi refer dan pass. Ibu dilakukan pemeriksaan dan wawancara untuk memperoleh data demografi dan riwayat obstetri. Setelah normalitas data dibuktikan dengan tes Saphiro Wilk, dilakukan analisis bivariat menggunakan tes X2 pada karakteristik demografi dan obstetri Ibu, karakteristik demografi neonatus, dan menentukan hubungan PE dengan hasil OAE. Hasil : Tidak ditemukan perbedaan signifi kan karakteristik demografi Ibu maupun neonatus tehadap penurunan pendengaran neonatus (p>0,05). Tidak ditemukan hubungan signfi kan antara kondisi PE dengan OAE kanan (p = 0,437) dan kiri (p = 0,368). Ditemukan perbedaan rerata TDS dan TDD ibu terhadap OAE kedua telinga neonatus (p<0,05) dengan cut off point TDS 160 mmHg dan TDD 106 mmHg. Ditemukan hubungan signifi kan antara TDD (>106 mmHg) ibu dan berat lahir janin (>2500 gr) dengan OAE refer. Kesimpulan : Terdapat hubungan bermakna antara penurunan pendengaran neonatus dengan kondisi preeklamsia ibu, yang ditentukan terutama oleh TDD ibu, serta berat lahir bayi. Kata kunci : OAE, preeklamsia,tekanan darah usia reproduksi tidak hamil, vitamin D