Clinical presentation, risk factors and management of ectopic pregnancy: a case-control study

Abstract

Clinical presentation, risk factors and management of ectopic pregnancy: a case-control study A. Lavinia Cozlea1, E. Előd Élthes2, Á. Török3, M. Emil Capîlna4 1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 22nd Department of General Surgery, Târgu Mureș Emergency Clinical County Hospital, Mureș County 32nd Department of General Surgery, 4Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Târgu Mureș Emergency Clinical County Hospital, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Târgu Mureș, Mureș County (Romania) Summary Purpose of Investigation: To evaluate risk factors in patients with ectopic pregnancy (EP), while emphasizing the clinical presentation and management. Materials and Methods: Eighty patients with EP were included in a retrospective case-control study between 2016- 2017. Patient’s socio-demographic features and pathological background were assessed in relation to 150 patients with live vaginal deliveries, in order to determine the main risk factors for EP. Results: Tubal (95%) was observed, with right side (60%) preponderance of EP, associated with vaginal bleeding (80%) and leukocytosis (61.25%). Main identified risk factors were previous EP (OR = 11.79), cesarean section (OR = 11.31), cigarette consumption (OR = 7.47), history of laparotomy (OR = 7.28), and tubal damage (OR = 7.09). Most patients underwent laparoscopy (87.5%) associated with a shorter hospital admission (p = 0.0011). Conclusion: Considering the risk factors, the physician could establish an accurate diagnosis in less time, avoiding complications by performing a suitable surgical intervention. Key words: Ectopic pregnancy; Tubal; Cesarean; Laparotomy; Laparoscopy; Surgery.