THE ROLE OF SOCIAL CAPITAL IN FOSTERING CONTEXTUAL PERFORMANCE: INSIGHTS FROM MALAYSIAN SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY SCHOOL TEACHERS

Abstract

This study addresses a significant gap in the literature concerning strategies to enhance contextual performance, particularly organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) among teachers, a key factor contributing to the success of educational institutions. Although prior research has highlighted the importance of OCB, limited theoretical work has been conducted to explore effective mechanisms for its enhancement. Grounded in Nahapiet and Ghoshal’s theoretical framework, which identifies social capital (SC) as a critical resource for achieving sustainable organizational advantage, this study examines the relationship between SC and teachers’ OCB within the context of science secondary schools in Malaysia. Employing a descriptive correlational research design, data were gathered through questionnaires from 400 teachers across selected schools in Kedah. The findings demonstrate a strong positive correlation between SC and OCB among teachers. The study concludes by discussing implications for educational leadership and offers directions for future theoretical and empirical investigations to deepen the understanding of this relationship