Determinan biopsikososial kebugaran kardiorespirasi pada penderita diabetes melitus (jemaah haji)

Abstract

Abstract Background: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is closely related to decreased cardiorespiratory fitness and impaired exercise. DM is the second highest disease after hypertension in Hajj pilgrims in Blora Regency. The cardiorespiratory fitness status of Hajj pilgrims in Blora Regency in 2023 was mostly in the sufficient category (49.6%) and the poor category (30.4%). Given the importance of cardiorespiratory fitness in Hajj pilgrims with DM, an approach is needed that is able to examine various factors related to cardiorespiratory fitness through a biopsychosocial approach. Purpose: To analyze the biopsychosocial determinants of cardiorespiratory fitness in Hajj pilgrims with DM. Method: A cross-sectional design study was used to examine biopsychosocial factors on cardiorespiratory fitness. This study was conducted in Blora Regency in February-April 2024. The sampling technique used purposive sampling, the sample size was calculated using the Slovin formula and based on the researcher's justification, a sample of 119 respondents was taken. The inclusion criteria were being able to communicate well, being diagnosed with DM by a doctor, and laboratory results (GDS, GDP and HBA1c). Data analysis used univariate, bivariate (chisquare and logistic regression), and multivariate. Results: Most respondents (47.1%) had poor cardiorespiratory fitness (not fit). The results of the bivariate test showed that the variables of age (p=0.035, PR= 1.57), gender (p=0.044, PR= 1.56), BMI (p=0.016, PR= 1.65), physical activity (p=0.000, PR= 4.68), stress (p=0.000, PR= 2.30), and activity at the Integrated Development Post for non-communicable diseases (p=0.005, PR= 1.80) were related to cardiorespiratory fitness. The most dominant variables on cardiorespiratory fitness in DM hajj pilgrims were physical activity and stress variables controlled by age and gender. Conclusion: There is a relationship between age, gender, BMI, physical activity, stress and activity at the Integrated Development Post for Non-Communicable Diseases with cardiorespiratory fitness in DM hajj pilgrims. However, the most dominant is physical activity and stress which are controlled by age and gender. Keywords: Biopsychosocial; Cardiorespiratory; Diabetes Mellitus; Fitness; Hajj Pilgrim