Gambaran efikasi diri dan perawatan diri pada pasien gagal jantung

Abstract

Abstract Background: Heart failure is one of the cardiovascular diseases which is a major health problem in western countries which is increasing in line with population growth and increasing life expectancy. Self-efficacy is an individual's belief in his ability to react to certain situations. Self-care is a decision taken by the patient himself or with his family, so that he is able to overcome his illness and maintain his functional abilities and achieve wellbeing. Purpose: To determine the description of self-efficacy and self-care behavior in heart failure patients. Method: Quantitative descriptive study, conducted at the Heart Polyclinic of the Regional General Hospital. Dr. Pirngadi Medan. The sampling technique used purposive sampling and the Slovin formula, the number of samples used was 84 respondents. The independent variables are self-efficacy and self-care, while the dependent variable is heart failure patients. Data collection techniques using questionnaires. Self-efficacy using the Cardiac Self-Efficacy Scale questionnaire or (CSE scale). Self-care was obtained through the self care of heart failure index (SCHF) questionnaire which has been modified into Indonesian. The New York Heart Association (NYHA) functional classification was categorized as class I to IV. Univariate data analysis was used in the form of frequency distribution. Results: This study shows that the majority of respondents have less self-efficacy 54 (64.4%). Most respondents had poor self-care 48 (57.2%). New York Heart Association (NYHA) classification is mostly in the NYHA level II category 55 (65.4%). Conclusion: High self-efficacy in heart failure patients can increase motivation to do physical activity, resulting in reduced barriers to physical activity and encouraging patients to do more physical activity. Self-care needs to be practiced to cope with the disease, maintain functional ability, and achieve well-being. Suggestion: Hoped that heart failure patients' self-awareness will increase self-efficacy to improve self-care, and family support is expected to help patients carry out self-care. Increasing the self-efficacy of heart failure patients, it will help patients carry out self-care. Keywords: Heart Failure; Self Care; Self Efficacy