Predisposing, enabling, and reinforcing factors for the success of antiretroviral (ARV) treatment among people living with HIV

Abstract

Abstract Background: The Human Immunodeficiency Virus/Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (HIV/AIDS) epidemic is now growing rapidly and becoming one of the biggest challenges, despite various efforts to control and suppress its transmission. Globally, HIV/AIDS is a health problem that can cause a multidimensional crisis. The HIV/AIDS control program is aimed at reducing morbidity and hospitalization rates, mortality due to AIDS, and improving the quality of life of HIV sufferers. Purpose: To determine the effect of predisposing, enabling, and reinforcing factors on the success of antiretroviral (ARV) treatment in people with HIV/AIDS. Method: A Quantitative research of cross-sectional analytical survey conducted at the Bandar Lampung City Health Center for 2 months in January-February 2024. The number of samples in this study was 122 respondents taken using purposive sampling technique. The instrument used was a questionnaire that had been declared valid in the validity and reliability tests. Data analysis used univariate and bivariate chi-square tests with confidence intervals (CI), significance level p <0.05. Results: Several factors that influence success include clinical stage (p-value=0.014), comorbidities (pvalue=0.000), and treatment adherence (p-value=0.000). Conclusion: There is a significant influence between clinical stage, comorbidities, and adherence to the success of ARV treatment. Meanwhile, there is no significant relationship between the duration of ARV treatment and the combination of ARV therapy with the success of treatment. In increasing the success of treatment, people with HIV/AIDS must maintain their health so that opportunistic infections (HIV comorbidities) do not occur and remain in the early clinical stage. Keywords: Antiretroviral (ARV); Human Immunodeficiency Virus/Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (HIV/AIDS); People Living with HIV (PLHIV); Threatment.