Vulvovaginal hematoma pasca melahirkan pervaginam di layanan primer: Sebuah tinjauan literatur sistematis

Abstract

Abstract Background: Vulvovaginal hematoma is a bleeding complication that can occur after vaginal delivery. In this incident, it was found that the delivery assistant was alert in primary care, even though if this complication was not immediately recognized and treated, it could prolong treatment time and even cause death. Purpose: To provide information about cases of vulvovaginal hematoma complications that occur after vaginal delivery to increase the vigilance of birth attendants in primary care. Method: Systematic literature review research on case reports that have been published in international journals in the last 5 years, originating from various countries, using the Google Scholar application and Mendeley.com with the keywords vulvovaginal hematoma. The search results found 7 manuscripts that met the inclusion criteria. Results: Vulvovaginal hematoma after vaginal delivery occurs due to trauma to the internal pudendal blood vessels due to the birth process and/or actions to assist with delivery. This hematoma can occur spontaneously or several hours after delivery and is characterized by the emergence of pain and swelling in the perineal area. This complication can appear with mild to severe clinical manifestations such as shock, so an immediate diagnosis is needed to decide what treatment will be carried out. Conclusion: This literature review provides evidence that there is still no clear consensus regarding the management of vulvovaginal hematoma after vaginal delivery. Immediate resuscitation needs to be carried out to prevent the patient from losing more blood, minimize tissue damage, relieve the patient from pain and avoid the danger of infection. Keywords: Conservative Management; Vaginal Delivery; Vulvovaginal Hematoma