Manajemen nyeri non farmakologis dalam pengurangan nyeri pada bayi berat badan lahir rendah (BBLR): A systematic review

Abstract

Abstract Background: Pain management for LBW undergoing treatment in hospital is crucial. LBW often receive invasive procedures, so both pharmacological and non-pharmacological pain management is needed. Therefore, nonpharmacological pain management is needed which not only reduces pain but can stimulate the baby's growth and development. Purpose: To analyze the success of pain management using non-pharmacological methods during intravenous insertion procedures, blood sampling, and to assess the effect on pain reduction by measuring using the Premature Infant Pain Profile (PIPP) score. Method: Review of research articles obtained from the ProQuest, Science Direct, PubMed, Oxford, and SAGE Journal databases. The inclusion criteria for this study were articles with a randomized control trial (RCT) research design published between 2017-2023. The keywords used in the PICO search process were "Neonate, pain assessment, reduced pain, invasive procedures. The search identified 938 studies that were relevant, and seven studies met the inclusion criteria. Article quality evaluation was carried out through the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) to assess the quality of research articles, and thematic analysis was used as a data analysis method. Results: A review of seven articles shows that various effective non-pharmacological pain management in premature and full-term babies are oral stimulation using sweet solutions, audio stimulation, kangaroo mother care (KMC), crochet octopus, HSTT and baby swaddling. A combination of several interventions Non-pharmacological pain management is more effective than one type of intervention. Conclusion: A combination of several non-pharmacological pain management interventions can effectively reduce pain in LBW. Suggestion: Neonatal nurses are expected to be able to utilize the KMC method, use of octopus crochet, baby positioning, and swaddling techniques to reduce pain response, increase comfort, and growth and development in low birth weight (LBW) babies. Keywords: Decreased Pain; Invasive Action; Neonate; Non Pharmacological; Pain Management.