An Effectiveness Test Combination of Ethanol Extracts of Buas-buas Leaves (Premna serratifolia L.) and Sappan Wood (Caesalpinia sappan L.) as ToAn Effectiveness Test Combination of Ethanol Extracts of Buas-buas Leaves (Premna serratifolia L.) and Sappan Wood (Caesalpinia sappan L.) as Topical Antiinflammatory Agent in Male White Rats (Rattus novergicus)pical Antiinflammatory Agent in Male White Rats (Rattus novergicus)

Abstract

Inflammation is the reaction of the immune system to tissue damage resulting from physical injury, harmful chemicals, or microbial agents. Steroid and non-steroid drugs are commonly used to treat inflammation, but long-term use can result in side effects, such as hormonal disorders and gastric ulcers. Buas-buas leaves and sappan wood has potential as traditional medicines, and based on empirical evidence, they utilize both plants as anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antioxidant, antiallergic, and antiarthritic agents, as well as for the treatment of cardiovascular disorders, cough, and leprosy. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of combining 96% ethanol extracts from buas-buas leaves and sappan wood to deliver topical anti-inflammatory benefits. Methods: This research was experimental, using thirty male rats divided into six treatment groups: a negative control group with 2% carrageenan, Biocream® control group, a positive control group with Hydrocortisone Acetate, and three treatment groups receiving a combination of ethanol extracts from buas-buas leaves and sappan wood at concentrations of 1.67%, 2.5%, and 3.75%. The test compounds were administered after carrageenan injection. Measurement of skinfold thickness on the backs of the rats was conducted every hour for 6 h using digital calipers, and the difference in skinfold thickness of each rat, AUC value, and percentage of inflammation inhibition was calculated. Data analysis involved the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test and Levene's test to assess normality and homogeneity, respectively, and was subsequently followed by One-way ANOVA and a post-hoc test. Conclusion: The combination of ethanol extracts of Buas-Buas leaves and sappan wood can provide a topical antiinflammatory effect, with the most effective concentration being 3.75% and an inflammation inhibition percentage of 32.77%. Keywords: anti-inflammatory, topical, buas-buas leaves, sappan wood, ethanol extract