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Clinical Profiles of Obstructive Hydrocephalus in Patient with Von Hippel–Lindau

Sat, 01 Jun 2024 00:00:00 GMT

Title: Clinical Profiles of Obstructive Hydrocephalus in Patient with Von Hippel–Lindau Authors: Naqeeb, Mohammed R.; Abdulmannan, Dina M. Abstract: Von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) is an autosomal dominant disease that affects multiple systems that may result in benign and malignant multisystem tumors. The estimated incidence of VHL is 1 in 36,000 births. Disease incidence ranges from 10 to 40 years, with an average of 26 years, and it impacts diverse ethnic groups. VHL results from mutations in the germ line that have been mapped to chromosome 3p25. Currently, this is the only gene known to cause the syndrome. This study presented a case of obstructive hydrocephalus in a patient with VHL. A 19-year-old female was referred to the Eye Clinic for a diagnosis of papilledema. She began to experience vagal abdominal discomfort for no apparent reason. Per exam, the patient had 20/20 OD and 20/400 OS, with an intraocular pressure of 14 OU. The patient's MRI revealed a posterior fossa cranial cystic brain lesion that was obstructing the fourth ventricle and causing obstructive hydrocephalus. Early detection, management, and focal laser treatment of capillary hemangiomas in the retina's periphery led to favorable visual outcomes. Even after vitreoretinal surgery, the tumors may cause exudative retinal detachment and have an inferior visual prognosis if left untreated.

Correlation of Nutritional Status and Early Feeding with Post-Laparotomy Surgical Site Infection in Perforated Peptic Ulcer Patients

Sat, 01 Jun 2024 00:00:00 GMT

Title: Correlation of Nutritional Status and Early Feeding with Post-Laparotomy Surgical Site Infection in Perforated Peptic Ulcer Patients Authors: Pradana, Ibrahim Risyad; Sulthana, Bambang AmAm Setya; Hapsari, Putie Abstract: A perforated peptic ulcer is an emergency requiring immediate treatment by laparotomy. Special attention needs to be established on systemic nutritional status. The postoperative early feeding is important to patients with preoperative non optimum nutritional status. This study aimed to examine the correlation between nutritional status, early feeding, and post-laparotomy surgical site infection in perforated peptic ulcer patients. This was a prospective observational study on 32 patients with perforated peptic ulcers underwent emergency laparotomy at Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung, Indonesia, from October 2021–2022. The nutritional status was assessed using Albumin, SGA. Eleven subjects had severe hypoalbuminemia and six subjects had severe malnutrition (SGA C). Early feeding was not performed on 7 subjects. The highest surgical wound infection rate was found on the 7th day with an incidence rate of 18.8%. Among patients experiencing infection, six (6) had SGA C (p<0.001) and severe hypoalbuminemia (p=0.001) and 4 subjects were given early feeding (p=0.451). On the 14th day, Three SGA C and one SGA B experienced infection (p=0.01), while 3 subjects and 1 subjects who experienced infection had moderate hypoalbuminemia and severe hypoalbuminemia, respectively (p=0.16), Three subjects were not given early feeding p=0.01. On the 21st day to the 30th day, 1 subject with SGA C (p=0.10) and severe hypoalbuminemia (p=0.37), and early feeding was not performed (p>0.05). There is no association among albumin level, SGA, and early feeding in post-laparotomy wound infection in perforated peptic ulcer patients.

Histopathological Aspects as Predictor of Recurrency of Locally Advanced Breast Cancer

Sat, 01 Jun 2024 00:00:00 GMT

Title: Histopathological Aspects as Predictor of Recurrency of Locally Advanced Breast Cancer Authors: Rizki, Kiki Akhmad; Djajakusumah, Teguh Marfen; Agustina, Hasrayati Abstract: The histopathological aspect of breast cancer has been established as one of the important prognostic factors of recurrence. This study aimed to determine whether histopathological examination can be used as a predictor of the incidence of recurrence in locally advanced breast cancer patients. This was a cohort retrospective observational study with a correlative analytical approach. Subjects of this study were breast cancer patients who have undergone mastectomy and/or received additional therapy at Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung, Indonesia, between January 2017 and September 2019. Data were collected through medical records and anatomical histopathology data. Subjects were divided based on their recurrency status. A total of 62 breast cancer patients were included in the study with 31 recurrent patients and 31 non-recurrent patients. A total of 29 patients in the recurrent group (93.5%) had lymphovascular invasion. Histopathology grading showed a difference in both groups, in which recurrent group patients were mostly (74.2%) in the high histopathological grade while 51.6% of samples in non-recurrent group were categorized as moderate histopathological grade. Complete histopathological margins were found in both recurrent and non-recurrent groups for 54.8% and 87.1% respectively. There is a correlation between histopathologic grading, lymphovascular invasion, and incision margin with the recurrence of a locally advanced stage breast cancer. It can be concluded that some histopathological aspects can be used as a predictor of recurrence in locally advanced breast cancer.

Comparison of Phaco-Chop versus Stop-and-Chop Nucletomy Techniques in Patients with Soft to Moderate Nucleus

Sat, 01 Jun 2024 00:00:00 GMT

Title: Comparison of Phaco-Chop versus Stop-and-Chop Nucletomy Techniques in Patients with Soft to Moderate Nucleus Authors: Budiman; Knoch, Andrew M. H.; Sugiarti, Emmy Dwi; Tjokrovonco, Ludwig Melino Abstract: Various phacoemulsification techniques are commonly used, with phaco-chop and stop-and-chop techniques as the most popular ones. Phacoemulsification inevitably leads to endothelial cell destruction, which, in severe cases, might result in vision impairment. This study aimed to compare endothelial cell characteristics between two phacoemulsification procedures, phaco-chop, and stop-and-chop, in patients with soft to moderate nucleus cataracts. This study was conducted on 142 patients at the National Eye Center of Cicendo Hospital between April and August 2018. Of those, 66 patients underwent the phaco-chop technique, while 76 patients underwent the stop-and-chop technique. Intraoperative parameters such as effective phaco time (EPT), phaco time, average power, and duration were recorded. Endothelial density, hexagonality, coefficient of variation (CV), and central cornea thickness (CCT) were also recorded before surgery, as well as one week and four weeks after surgery. Mean power, EPT, phaco time, and duration in the phaco-chop group were significantly lower than in the stop-and-chop group. Mean (SD) endothelial density at one-week and four-week evaluation in the phaco-chop group were considerably lower than in the stop-and-chop group (p-value=0.024 and p-value=0.000, respectively). Mean (SD) CV at one-week evaluation in the phaco-chop group was significantly higher compared to a stop-and-chop group, 43.3 (8.0) versus 40.0 (6.7)% (p-value=0.009). Mean (SD) hexagonality at four-week evaluation in the phaco-chop group was significantly higher compared to a stopand-chop group (43.1 (17.6) versus 48.7 (13.2) respectively, p-value=0.045). Phaco-chop technique have significantly lower EPT, average power, phaco time, and surgery duration than stop-and-chop techniques at one-week and four-week evaluation after phacoemulsification.