DSpace Collection: 1 - 62

Spinocerebellar Ataxia 3 (SCA3) Patient with Peripheral Neuropathy

Sat, 01 Jan 2022 00:00:00 GMT

Title: Spinocerebellar Ataxia 3 (SCA3) Patient with Peripheral Neuropathy Authors: Aminah, Siti; Pusparini, Iin; Lailiyya, Nushrotul; Ganiem, Ahmad Rizal; Gamayani, Uni; Wibisono, Yusuf; Huda, Fathul; Sribudiani, Yunia; Achmad, Tri Hanggono Abstract: Spinocerebellar ataxia (SCA) 3 is a neurodegenerative disease which involves cerebellum and extra cerebellum. Neuropathy in SCA3 manifests in various ways, including axonal and demyelination lesions in sensory and motor nerves. There has not been any study that describes the peripheral neuropathy characteristics of SCA3 patients in Indonesia at the time of this publication. This paper reports a case of a 43-year-old male with known spinocerebellar ataxia 3 presented with hereditary ataxia and mild numbness in both palms since two years before. No abnormalities were found during the sensory examination. The NCS showed severe axonal demyelinating sensorimotor peripheral neuropathy. In magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), an atrophy in the cerebellum with cerebral multiple lacunar infarction was identified. Electrophysiological results revealed profound axonal lesion in peripheral nerves. To conclude, peripheral neuropathy in SCA3 represents the dominance of axonal lesions in motor nerves.

Comparison between the Effectiveness Fecal Immunochemical Test and Colonoscopy As A Tool For Colorectal Cancer Early Detection

Sat, 01 Jan 2022 00:00:00 GMT

Title: Comparison between the Effectiveness Fecal Immunochemical Test and Colonoscopy As A Tool For Colorectal Cancer Early Detection Authors: Andila, Yossi; Rudiman, Reno; Purnama, Andriana Abstract: Cancer is a disease that causes a lot of misery and death in humans. According to data from the World Health Organization (WHO) in 2015, there are 8.8 million deaths caused by cancer and colorectal cancer ranked third with 774,000 deaths. One of the prevention effort for colorectal cancer is early detection in the population, especially in high-risk groups and in groups with non-specific symptoms. In general, two types of early detection tests are available: stool-based testing and structural testing. Fecal immunochemical test (FIT) is one type of examination that is categorized as the tool-based test. Meanwhile, the structural test include colonoscopy, CT colonography and flexible sigmoidoscopy. This study aimed to determine difference in the effectiveness of FIT against colonoscopy as an early detection tool for colorectal cancer. This study was a cross-sectional comparative diagnostic analytical observational study to compare FIT to colonoscopy for early detection of colorectal cancer. This study involved patients presented to Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung, Indonesia. Analysis of diagnostic test data was carried out to obtain the sensitivity, specificity, and the positive and negative predictive values through the use of bivariate analysis in the form of Man Whitney test. Thirtyeight patients were included in this study, consisting of 27 cancer patients and 11 non-cancer patients. Results showed that the sensitivity level of FIT was 81.5%, with 72.7% specificity. There is no significant difference in the effectiveness between FIT and colonoscopy in screening for colorectal cancer.

Mosquito Nets Use in South Central Timor District is Significantly Liked to Incidence of Malaria

Sat, 01 Jan 2022 00:00:00 GMT

Title: Mosquito Nets Use in South Central Timor District is Significantly Liked to Incidence of Malaria Authors: Fauziah, Nisa; Fauzan, Reyhan Luthfierza; Nugraha, Naufal Fakhri; Faridah, Lia; Hutagalung, Jontari Abstract: Ninety percent of malaria cases in Indonesia come from Papua, West Papua, and East Nusa Tenggara provinces. The country has declared a target of malaria elimination by 2030. Malaria elimination efforts have been performed through case finding, treatment, surveillance, and risk factor prevention and control. Personal protection is crucial in preventing and reducing the risk for malaria infection. This study aimed to assess the significance of personal protection against mosquitoes in eastern Indonesia. This was a cross-sectional study using the secondary data from a previous study of malaria in eastern Indonesia in 2013–2014. Data were collected using a questionnaires and direct observation and analyzed using the chi-square with α 0.05 and 95% CI. A total of 551 data were collected (180 positive vs 371 negative). The use of mosquito nets at night (p-value: 0.038; OR: 3.127) has a significant relationship with the incidence of malaria while the use of ventilation screen (p-value: 0.191; OR: 0.839), vector shelter (p-value: 0.493; OR: 0.852), and mosquito repellent (p-value: 0.564; OR: 1.585) did not have significant relationships to the incidence of malaria. Mass distribution of mosquito nets by the local governments can constitute one of the efforts to prevent and control malaria in South Central Timor District.

Urinary Epithelial Sodium Channel (EnaC) Level as A Diabetic Marker of Nephropathy in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus with Hypertension

Sat, 01 Jan 2022 00:00:00 GMT

Title: Urinary Epithelial Sodium Channel (EnaC) Level as A Diabetic Marker of Nephropathy in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus with Hypertension Authors: Erni, Heti Kus; Tristina, Nina; Indrati, Agnes Rengga; Turbawaty, Dewi Kartika Abstract: Increased prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) leads to the increased of various complications including diabetic nephropathy, which can lead to the end stage renal disease (ESRD). The Epithelial sodium channel (ENaC), which is located in distal convoluted tubules, plays an important role in transepithelial sodium reabsorption for electrolyte homeostasis. Diabetes mellitus can cause changes in ENaC function which will interfere with kidney blood pressure control, worsening hypertension, and kidney injury that eventually may trigger diabetic nephropathy. The aim of this study was to determine the validity of urinary ENaC for screening diabetic nephropathy in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) with uACR as the gold standard. This was a cross-sectional analytical observational study conducted in Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung, Indonesia, from December 2020 to July 2021. The subjects were 87 patients T2DM with hypertension with the majority of subjects (n=62) had a mean age of 56 years old and were experiencing albuminuria and hyperglycemia with DM for a duration of < 10 years. The poor glycemic control in these patients accelerated the occurrence of kidney damage. Result showed that urine ENaC level had a sensitivity and specificity of 82.3% and 48%, respectively, with 72.4% accuracy. The cut-off point of urine ENaC in this study was 0.98 ng/mL. Hence, urine ENaC level can be used as a test to screen for diabetic nephropathy with 82.3% sensitivity.