DSpace Collection: 125 - 181

Effects of flavonoids on cholesterol efflux capability

Sat, 01 Jan 2022 00:00:00 GMT

Title: Effects of flavonoids on cholesterol efflux capability Authors: Ayoub, Maha Abdulmajeed Abstract: Reverse cholesterol transport (RCT), which plays a critical role in the export of cholesterol from peripheral cells, is one of the processes employed in the management and treatment of atherosclerosis. RCT requires cholesterol efflux from macrophages in the subintima of the vessel wall. ATP-binding cassette transporters A1 and G1 transfer cholesterol from arterial macrophages to extracellular high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. The high-density lipoprotein (HDL) then carries the esterified cholesterol to the liver, where it is eliminated. HDL is an essential element in RCT and extracellular cholesterol excretion. By modifying the processes of RCT and cholesterol efflux, it is possible to inhibit atherogenesis, which might lead to innovative treatments for cardiovascular disease. New modifying factors for RCT and cholesterol efflux must be investigated. Through study, a deeper knowledge of RCT’s molecular processes has been achieved, enabling the development of novel therapies that exploit RCT’s pharmacological potential. This review aims to stimulate discourse on the possible influence of certain flavonoids on cholesterol efflux on the evolution of atherosclerosis.

Application of SQC model to optimize an internal quality control schedule for Haemoglobin A1c measurement on the Capillarys analyzer

Sat, 01 Jan 2022 00:00:00 GMT

Title: Application of SQC model to optimize an internal quality control schedule for Haemoglobin A1c measurement on the Capillarys analyzer Authors: Ilardo, Claudio; Verger, Amandine Abstract: Objectives: In the context of the accreditation of medical laboratories according to the ISO 15189:2012 standard, the optimisation of an internal quality control (IQC) schedule is an important element of analytical quality. The study focuses on an essential test for the follow-up of diabetic patients: Haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c). Methods: The analysis was performed on three TERA® Capillarys (Sebia®) analyzers. Data were collected for 1 month calculating imprecision and analytical bias. A total error allowable (TEa) of 6% was used to calculate the Sigma metrics. A statistical quality control (SQC) procedure based on the Sigma metrics of the analytical procedure, the selected rules and numbers of control measurements were applied to determine the optimised run size and to guarantee the required quality of patient care. Results: With a mean of 5-Sigma. “Normalised Chart” showed a good/excellent performance for the HbA1c method. The SQC run size nomogram indicated a desirable event size of around 53 samples/capillary (for n=1 and 13s) and 170 samples/capillary (for n=2 and 13s). Conclusion: Our study demonstrated the usefulness of the sigma metric SQC run size nomogram to determine the control strategy for HBA1c and contributes to the quality of results rendered to patients.

Docosahexaenoic acid attenuates the rewarding property of nicotine-induced conditioned place preference in male rats

Sat, 01 Jan 2022 00:00:00 GMT

Title: Docosahexaenoic acid attenuates the rewarding property of nicotine-induced conditioned place preference in male rats Authors: Shahzadi, Andleeb; Ozyazgan, Sibel Abstract: Objectives: Nicotine is a substance associated with rewarding and abusive effects. The rewarding effects of nicotine are thought to be due to dopamine signaling, which is negatively controlled through peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs). Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), also known as omega-3, can trigger the peroxisomal β-oxidation enzymes through PPARs. In this study, we planned to examine the effect of DHA on the rewarding properties of nicotine-induced conditioned place preference (CPP) in male rats. Methods: CPP was established by giving male rats an intraperitoneal injection of nicotine (0.5 mg/kg). The effects of PPAR agonist DHA on the rewarding properties of nicotine were evaluated with the administration of DHA (150 mg/kg and 250 mg/kg, p.o.) or saline 30 min prior to nicotine injection. Results: The present finding confirms that DHA attenuated nicotine acquisition (150 and 250 mg/kg, p<0.01) and failed to produce CPP or/and conditioned place aversion. Conclusion: These findings could be a bridge from bench to bedside as DHA may be helpful as an adjuvant for smoking cessation; however, these are the preliminary results, and further research is needed to illuminate this feature completely.

Relationship between hematologic inflammatory indices and clinical findings in patients with acromegaly

Sat, 01 Jan 2022 00:00:00 GMT

Title: Relationship between hematologic inflammatory indices and clinical findings in patients with acromegaly Authors: Durcan, Emre; Karabulut, Deniz Saliha; Yaylamaz, Selver; dkk. Abstract: Objectives: We primarily aimed to investigate the hematologic inflammatory parameters such as mean platelet volume (MPV), neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), and platelet–lymphocyte ratio (PLR) in patients with acromegaly. We also aimed to reveal the importance of these parameters in determining disease activity. Methods: The medical data of 535 patients with acromegaly were retrospectively reviewed. The sociodemographic characteristics, presence of comorbid disease, acromegaly-related clinical and medical treatment characteristics, insulinlike growth factor-1 and growth hormone levels at diagnosis, postoperative 3rd month and last visit, and hematologic inflammatory markers and indices at last visit were obtained from the patients’ medical charts. The patients were divided into age-, sex-, and comorbid disease-matched four groups according to their last remission status: active disease, remission with only surgery, remission with medication, and discordant disease. Finally, a total of 290 patients were included. Results: We examined a total of 290 patients with acromegaly after primary therapy; 36 had active disease, 77 were in remission with only surgery, 129 were in remission with medication, and 48 had a discordant disease. When the patients were categorized by last remission status, the median MPV was higher in patients with discordant disease than in the remission group with only surgery, and there were no differences in terms of the NLR and PLR between groups. When the participants were divided into two groups according to the presence of remission at the postoperative 3rd month, patients who had remission had lower MPV levels than those who had not. However, the groups had similar features for the NLR and PLR. Conclusion: Our results, particularly those that reveal positive association between MPV and remission status, indicate that subclinical inflammation may play a role in increased mortality and morbidity. Therefore, in addition to patients with active disease, patients with discordant disease should be followed closely for cardiovascular risks.