DSpace Collection:

An experimental model of chemically-induced ulceration of the buccal mucosa of Mus musculus

Tue, 01 Jan 2019 00:00:00 GMT

Title: An experimental model of chemically-induced ulceration of the buccal mucosa of Mus musculus Authors: Idrus, Erik; Dwi Hartanti, Pratiwi; Fatma Suniarti, Dewi; Redjeki Prasetyo, Sri; Septorini Wimardhani, Yuniardini; Subarnbhesaj, Ajiravudh Abstract: An experimental model of chemically-induced ulceration of the buccal mucosa of Mus musculus Erik Idrus1, Pratiwi Dwi Hartanti2, Dewi Fatma Suniarti1*, Sri Redjeki Prasetyo1, Yuniardini Septorini Wimardhani3, Ajiravudh Subarnbhesaj4 1. Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta 10430, Indonesia 2. Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta 10430, Indonesia 3. Department of Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta 10430, Indonesia 4. Department of Oral Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Khon Kaen University, 40002 Khon Kaen Province, Thailand *E-mail: dewi.fatma@ui.ac.id Abstract Background: Ulceration caused by chemical agents used in dental practice for in-office or home-used is a common event, resulting in discomfort and pain. Treatments for such conditions are still being developed, requiring extensive experiments both in vitro and in vivo studies. At present, a standardized experimental mouse model for mucosal ulceration caused by a chemical inducer to study the pathogenesis of ulceration and to develop medications for treatment of ulceration is still not available. The aim of this study was to create a chemically induced model of ulceration of the buccal mucosa of mice. Methods: An in vivo study model of ulceration using a total of 9 mice (Swiss Webster) was performed. All mice received 70% acetic acid application on the left buccal mucosa, while the right buccal mucosa received only saline. Clinical and histological observations of ulcer formation and healing were performed, including the presence of redness and swelling, ulcer diameter, bodyweight as well as epithelial disintegration, dilation of blood vessels, and infiltration of inflammatory cells. Results: Buccal mucosa application of 70% acetic acid generated ulcers on day 2, reached its peak on day 3 and recovered by day 14. The histological features of inflammation were also seen in the ulcer model, and the degree of inflammation was consistent with the day of ulcers. Conclusion: Chemical trauma by the administration of 70% acetic acid effectively induce ulceration on buccal mucosa in mice, and this method can be considered as a novel, reproducible, and clinically relevant model to study pathogenesis and therapeutic approach for treating oral mucosal ulceration. Keywords: acetic acid, mice, oral mucosa, ulcer

Correlation between carotid intima-media thickness and serum TNF- levels in female with rheumatoid arthritis of different ethnicities: A single-centre experience in Malaysia

Tue, 01 Jan 2019 00:00:00 GMT

Title: Correlation between carotid intima-media thickness and serum TNF- levels in female with rheumatoid arthritis of different ethnicities: A single-centre experience in Malaysia Authors: Xin Yi, Kek; A. Wahab, Asrul; Norazrin Mohd Abas, Mohamad; Amira Kamarul Abdul Wahid, Siti; Hanun Othman, Faridah Abstract: Correlation between carotid intima-media thickness and serum TNF- levels in female with rheumatoid arthritis of different ethnicities: A single-centre experience in Malaysia Kek Xin Yi1, Asrul Abdul Wahab2*, Mohamad Norazrin Mohd Abas3, Siti Amira Kamarul Abdul Wahid4, Faridah Hanun Othman5, Mohd Shahrir Mohamed Said6 1. Bintulu Hospital, 97000 Bintulu, Sarawak, Malaysia 2. Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 56000 Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia 3. Miri Hospital, 98000 Miri, Sarawak, Malaysia 4. Women and Child Hospital Sabah, 88996 Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia 5. Balik Pulau Hospital, 11500 Balik Pulau, Penang, Malaysia 6. Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 56000 Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia *E-mail: saw@ppukm.ukm.edu.my Abstract Background: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a destructive chronic inflammatory disease with intra- and extra-articular manifestations. It is associated with accelerated formation of arteriosclerosis. The aim of this study was to ascertain the correlation between endothelial dysfunction using carotid intima–media thickness (cIMT) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) levels among the three main ethnic groups in Malaysia: Malay, Chinese, and Indian. Methods: This crosssectional study included 23 females with RA belonging to three different ethnic groups who were free from cardiovascular risk factors. Blood sample was taken from each patient to measure serum TNF-α level, C-reactive protein (CRP), and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR). Carotid ultrasonography was performed for cIMT analysis. The Disease Activity Score (DAS)-28 scoring system was used to assess disease activity. Results: Patients’ median age and disease duration were 47 and 5 years, respectively. No thickened cIMT was found in any of the patients. The duration of disease, TNF-α level, cIMT, DAS-28 CRP, and DAS-28 ESR showed no significant correlations in the different ethnic groups (p > 0.05). Conclusion: This study indicates that cIMT and serum TNF-α levels among females with RA in Malaysia may not be affected by ethnicity. Keywords: carotid intima–media thickness, ethnic groups, rheumatoid arthritis, tumor necrosis factor-alpha

Chronic constipation among community-dwelling older people in the East Coast region of Peninsular Malaysia

Tue, 01 Jan 2019 00:00:00 GMT

Title: Chronic constipation among community-dwelling older people in the East Coast region of Peninsular Malaysia Authors: Abdul Wahab, Patimah; Abdul Kadir, Azidah; Yeh Lee, Yeong; Hawa Ali, Siti; Mohd Yusoff, Dariah Abstract: Chronic constipation among community-dwelling older people in the East Coast region of Peninsular Malaysia Patimah Abdul Wahab1*, Azidah Abdul Kadir2, Yeong Yeh Lee2, Siti Hawa Ali2, Dariah Mohd Yusoff2 1. Kulliyyah of Nursing, International Islamic University Malaysia, 25200 Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia 2. School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150 Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia *E-mail: patimah@iium.edu.my Abstract Background: This study aimed to investigate the prevalence, symptoms, and factors associated with chronic constipation among community-dwelling older people in the East Coast region of Peninsular Malaysia. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in four selected health clinics using stratified cluster sampling. A face-to-face interview was carried out among the elderly outpatients, in order to complete a structured questionnaire. Results: A total of 400 participants were included in the study. The mean age was 68.7 ± 6.4 years, and 55% of the cohort were women. The prevalence of chronic constipation was 32.3% among the sample population. The most common symptom was “sensation of incomplete evacuation” (63.6%), and none of the participants reported having “less than three defecations per week,” “straining,” or “lumpy or hard stool.” Educational level (p = 0.005), number of defecations per week, stool form, time spent for defecation, and abdominal bloating were significantly associated with chronic constipation (p < 0.001). Conclusion: Chronic constipation was common in older people and associated with a low educational level. Recognition of symptoms was predominantly based on clinical features of constipation and will require the healthcare providers to consider these factors in their routine assessment of older people. Keywords: constipation, elderly, symptoms, Malaysia

Experiences of parents and caregivers of children with disability on communitybased rehabilitation (CBR) services in Malaysia: A qualitative study

Tue, 01 Jan 2019 00:00:00 GMT

Title: Experiences of parents and caregivers of children with disability on communitybased rehabilitation (CBR) services in Malaysia: A qualitative study Authors: Hasan, Haliza; Mohamed Aljunid Syed Junid, Syed Abstract: Experiences of parents and caregivers of children with disability on communitybased rehabilitation (CBR) services in Malaysia: A qualitative study Haliza Hasan1,3*, Syed Mohamed Aljunid Syed Junid2,3 1. Department of Special Care Nursing, Kulliyyah of Nursing, International Islamic University Malaysia, 25200 Kuantan, Pahang Darul Makmur. Malaysıa 2. Department of Health Policy & Management, Faculty of Public Health, Kuwait University, 5969 Safat, Kuwait 3. International Center for Casemix and Clinical Coding, Faculty of Medicine, University Kebangsaan Malaysia, 56000 Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia *E-mail: hhaliza@iium.edu.my Abstract Background: The rehabilitation program for disabled children is provided through community-based rehabilitation (CBR) services by an initiative of the Department of Social Welfare Malaysia. This long-term program needs commitment and compliance, which relates to the quality of services experienced by parents and caregivers. Thus, the purpose of this study was to explore the experiences of the parents and caregivers of disabled children on the CBR services. Methods: This qualitative study utilized in-depth interview sessions held from March to May 2015. Fifteen parents and caregivers who had disabled children participating in the CBR program were selected using a purposive sampling method. All recorded conversations were transcribed verbatim and analyzed using Atlas.ti version 8.0. The thematic analysis was used for identifying, analyzing, and reporting the data obtained. The themes that emerged were read, reread, and peer checked until the researcher agreed on the thematic representation of the data. Results: Six major themes emerged from this study, including CBR activity, facilities, environment, communication, program impact, and management system. Conclusion: The majority of the parents and caregivers had good experiences with CBR services. However, several aspects could be given further attention to improve the CBR quality and to sustain its services for disabled children. Keywords: caregivers, disabled children, experience, rehabilitation