http://localhost:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/10678 Wed, 08 Apr 2026 21:12:30 GMT 2026-04-08T21:12:30Z http://localhost:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/10807 Title: Associations between Diet and Cognitive Function in Stroke Survivors: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Authors: Amanat, Sasan; L Dordevic, , Aimee; Brodtmann, Amy; R Cardoso, Barbara Abstract: ABSTRACT Poststroke cognitive decline is a major form of disability in stroke survivors. Although dietary interventions have shown potential in improving cognitive outcomes in stroke-free populations, their effects on stroke survivors remain unclear. This review aimed to evaluate associations between diet and cognitive function in stroke survivors. MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, and CINHAL were searched for studies from inception to 16 December, 2024. Eligible articles were observational and interventional studies on adult stroke survivors that evaluated the association/effect of any nutritional exposure/intervention on cognitive performance and dementia risk. Studies were excluded when an intervention was combined with nonnutritional treatment. Random-effects meta-analysis was used for similar randomized clinical trials. This review included 20 clinical trials and 14 observational studies assessing the intake of energy and proteins and a variety of single nutrients, as well as dietary patterns, single foods, and phytochemicals. Meta-analyses revealed a positive effect of energy-protein supplementation on global cognition [standardized mean difference (SMD): 0.62; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.15, 1.08; P ¼ 0.009], and a negative effect of B-vitamins (folic acid, vitamin B6, and vitamin B12) (SMD: 0.40; 95% CI: 0.72, 0.08; P ¼ 0.02). Adherence to the Mediterranean-Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay and plant-based diets, as well as higher consumption of fruits, milk, coffee, vitamin E, and selenium, were related to better cognitive outcomes; no significant association was observed for adherence to DASH and Mediterranean diets and consumption of vitamins D and C. Butter and sugar intake and calcium supplementation were associated with negative cognitive outcomes. Mixed results were seen for omega (ω)-3, tea, and plant extracts. The available evidence indicates that energy-protein supplementation may benefit cognition after stroke, whereas B-vitamin supplementation has no effect. The substantial heterogeneity among studies hinders conclusions about other dietary strategies. This review was registered with PROSPERO as CRD42024541785. Keywords: cognitive impairment, dementia, diet, nutraceuticals, nutrients, nutrition, phytochemicals, stroke Sat, 10 May 2025 00:00:00 GMT http://localhost:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/10807 2025-05-10T00:00:00Z http://localhost:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/10806 Title: Advances in Food-As-Medicine Interventions and Their Impact on Future Food Production, Processing, and Supply Chains Authors: Defraeye, Thijs; Bahrami, Flora; Kowatsch, Tobias; Annaheim, Simon; CE Bragt, Marjolijn; M Rossi, Ren e; Greger, Michael Abstract: ABSTRACT Food-as-medicine (FAM) is an emerging trend among medical doctors, health insurers, startups, and governmental public-health and nongovernmental organizations. FAM implies using food as a part of an individual’s health plan to prevent or help treat acute and chronic health conditions and diseases. We highlight trends and hurdles in the FAM intervention pyramid. Our viewpoint is to indicate how interventions might change the future demand for specific food groups, their transport in supply chains, and the technologies used to process them. On the basis of national guidelines, dietary interventions can help to prevent and treat many diseases, including cardiovascular disease, cancers, type 2 diabetes, and obesity. FAM R&D and services offer more individualized treatments. This is challenging given the interindividual variability and complexity of the body’s response to food and related factors, such as dietary habits, genetics, lifestyle, and biosphere. Quantifying health improvements is essential to prove the added value of more individualized FAM interventions compared with adopting a general healthy diet. It is unclear which level of individualization of interventions produces the largest health benefits at the lowest costs for the patient, healthcare system, and climate. FAM interventions can support and complement conventional medical treatment. They will require a shift to producing more health-promoting foods, including whole foods, minimally processed foods, and selected processed foods. The food processing industry and supply chains must adapt to these new scenarios. Auxiliary technologies and methods are enablers, including delivery services, wearable technology, health-monitoring apps, and data-driven consumer behavior analysis. Keywords: food-is-medicine, fruit, vegetables, postharvest, supply chain, precision nutrition Fri, 04 Apr 2025 00:00:00 GMT http://localhost:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/10806 2025-04-04T00:00:00Z http://localhost:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/10805 Title: Diet-Related Health Inequalities in High-Income Countries: A Scoping Review of Observational Studies Authors: Carrillo-Alvarez, Elena; Rif a-Ros, Rosa; Salinas-Roca, Blanca; Costa-Tutusaus, Lluís; Lamas, Mafalda; Rodriguez-Monforte, Míriam Abstract: ABSTRACT Diet-related health inequalities are a persistent public health challenge in high-income countries, disproportionately affecting socially and economically disadvantaged populations. This study aims to map the existing evidence on diet-related health inequalities in high-income countries through a scoping review of observational studies, identifying populations most affected and key dietary outcomes across social determinants of health. We conducted a systematic search of MEDLINE, Web of Science, Scopus, and Embase for observational studies published between January 2011 and March 2021. Eligible studies assessed diet-related health outcomes stratified by 1 Place of Residence, Race/Ethnicity, Occupation, Gender/Sex, Religion, Education, Socioeconomic Status, and Social Capital (PROGRESS)-Plus determinant. We followed Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews guidelines and registered the review with International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (CRD42021234567). Data were charted and analyzed thematically according to PROGRESS categories. A total of 163 studies were included. Most studies focused on education, socioeconomic status, and place of residence, whereas fewer addressed gender identity, sexual orientation, or disability. Common dietary indicators included fruit and vegetable intake, dietary patterns, and food group consumption. Evidence consistently showed that lower education and income levels were associated with poorer dietary outcomes. Notably, certain population groups (for example, ethnic minorities, rural residents, and individuals with low education or income) experienced cumulative disadvantages. The scoping review highlights persistent and intersecting diet-related health inequalities in high-income countries. It underscores the need for standardized indicators and intersectional approaches in monitoring, research, and policy making. Keywords: diet, inequalities, high-income countries, social determinants of health Mon, 05 May 2025 00:00:00 GMT http://localhost:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/10805 2025-05-05T00:00:00Z http://localhost:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/10804 Title: Interactions between Gut Microbiota, Host Circadian Rhythms, and Metabolic Diseases Authors: Zhang, Mingliang; Zhou, Caiyuan; Li, Xinguo; Li, Hui; Han, Qi; Chen, Zhong; Tang, Wenjie; Yin, Jie Abstract: ABSTRACT The circadian rhythm arises endogenously from genetically encoded molecular clocks, wherein the components collaborate to induce cyclic fluctuations, occurring approximately every 24 h. The rhythms synchronize biological processes with regular and predictable environmental patterns to guarantee the host metabolism and energy homeostasis function and well-being. Disruptions to circadian rhythms are widely associated with metabolic disorders. Notably, microbial rhythms are influenced by both the host’s intrinsic circadian clock and external rhythmic factors (i.e., light–dark cycle, diet patterns, and diet composition), which affect the structure of microbial communities and metabolic functions. Moreover, microbiota and the metabolites also reciprocally influence host rhythms, potentially impacting host metabolic function. This review aimed to explore the bidirectional interactions between the circadian clock, factors influencing host–microbial circadian rhythms, and the effects on lipid metabolism and energy homeostasis. Keywords: circadian rhythms, gut microbiota, microbial metabolites, metabolic homeostasis, interaction Mon, 24 Mar 2025 00:00:00 GMT http://localhost:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/10804 2025-03-24T00:00:00Z