http://localhost:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/7725 2026-04-14T20:40:51Z http://localhost:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/7950 Title: Development of transdermal patch preparations binahong leaf extract (Anredera cordifolia (Ten.) Steenis) and antihyperglycemia test in rats Authors: Ramadhan, Galang Pergiawan; Wahyuningsih, Iis; Widyaningsih, Wahyu Abstract: Binahong (Anredera cordifolia) leaves are plants that have great potential as antihyperglycemics, and have chemical content including triterpenoids, flavonoids, and saponins. However, the development of binahong leaves in pharmaceutical preparations is still very lacking. Objectives of this study are knowing the transdermal patch formulation of binahong leaf extract (BLE) produces good physical properties and the development of BLE transdermal patches with different extract concentrations may blood glucose lower (BGL) levels in glucose-induced mice. This study uses a single-layer patch because it has the advantage of being able to penetrate faster and is suitable for compounds that have solubility in polar solvents. The research began with the extraction of binahong leaves, then formulated a transdermal BLE patch using a formula that includes HPMC (polymer), glycerol (plasticizer), oleic acid (enhancer) and tween 80 (enhancer). Diabetic rats were divided into 4 groups of 6 rats, negative control group (glucose + placebo), positive control group (glucose + insulin), FI group (glucose+ transdermal patch BLE 30%), and FII group (glucose + transdermal patch BLE 47%). The BGL measurements are carried out on the 0th, 3rd, 5th, and 7th days. The physical characterization carried out includes organoleptic, weight uniformity, thickness, pH, folding resistance, and moisture content, obtained FI and FII results that meet the requirements set out by each test standard. The BGL from day 1 to day 7 decreased in each group, positive control (68.8±3.76), negative control (112.5±6.89), FI (81.0±4.04), and FII (72.33±5.12). Based on the statistical results of the T-test on the physical evaluation of BLE transdermal patch preparations of FI and FII there were significant differences in weight and thickness uniformity, but there were no significant differences in pH, folding power, and humidity tests. The administration of a 47% BLE in FII transdermal patch provides insignificant BGL reduction effect compared to the 30% BLE in FI transdermal patch. 2023-07-01T00:00:00Z http://localhost:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/7949 Title: Effect of ethanol solvent concentrations in pepino melon fruit (Solanum muricatum Aiton) extraction on total flavonoid, phenolic, and β-carotene content Authors: Firsty, Girly Risma; Sugihartini, Nining; Mulyaningsih, Sri Abstract: The quality of an extract is determined by the type and level of compounds contained therein. The solvent is one of the elements that influences the extract's quality. Therefore, extraction must be carried out using a solvent that can extract bioactive substances. This study was aimed at obtaining the optimal concentration of ethanol in extracting flavonoids, phenolics, and β-carotene from pepino melon fruit. In this study, dried pepino melon fruit was extracted using ethanol of 50%, 70%, and 96%. The extracts were analyzed qualitatively for phenolic and flavonoid using thin layer chromatography (TLC), and quantitatively using a spectrophotometry. Meanwhile, β-carotene levels were determined using high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC). The data of level flavonoid, phenolic, and βcarotene were statistically analyzed using multivariate analysis of variance. The results showed that 50%, 70%, and 96% ethanol solvent produced extracts with a yield value of 51.8%; 87.4%; 54.6%; total flavonoid content of 0.298 ± 0.04 mgQE/g; 0.559 ± 0.03 mgQE/g; 0.289 ± 0.01 mgQE/g; total phenolic content of 4.763 ± 0.08 mgGAE/g; 3.631 ± 0.12 mgGAE/g; 3.317 ± 0.10 mgGAE/g; βcarotene level of 0.157 ± 0.02 mg/g; 0.910 ± 0.16 mg/g; 1.054 ± 0.13 mg/g, respectively. The statistical analysis showed that there was a significant difference in different ethanol concentrations in extraction with the content of total flavonoids, total phenolics, and β-carotene (p<0.05). The optimal ethanol solvent for extracting flavonoids, phenolic compounds, and β-carotene from pepino melon fruit was 70% ethanol 2023-07-01T00:00:00Z http://localhost:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/7948 Title: Effect of papaya flower ethanolic extract (Carica papaya) on the time kill of tetracyclin against Escherichia coli Authors: Anugraheni; Rini, Chylen Setiyo Abstract: Papaya (Carica papaya) is found throughout Indonesia. Papaya flowers contain saponin, tannin, alkaloid, and flavonoid compounds which functions as antibacterial. Escherichia coli is a Gram-negative rod bacteria that could be found in the human large intestine as a cause of diarrhea. The study aimed to determine the effect of papaya flower extract and a combination of papaya flower extract with tetracycline antibiotics using the smallest concentration capable of inhibiting 50% of bacterial growth against Escherichia coli bacteria ATCC 25922 using the time-kill test method. This study used the method of Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and time-kill. The MIC of the ethanol extract of papaya flower was 2 mg/mL. The time-kill test showed that the death phase was occurred at 4 - 24 hours. The bacteriostatic effect of the extract was obtained at 0 hours to 24 hours, while the antibiotic and its combination with the extracts had a bactericidal effect at 8 hours and 24 hours. 2023-07-01T00:00:00Z http://localhost:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/7947 Title: Measurement of quality parameters of Snakehead Fish (Channa striata) simplicia from Sungai Itik village, West Kalimantan Authors: Taurina, Wintari; Andrie, Mohamad Abstract: Snakehead fish (Channa striata) is one of the natural ingredients that have the potential to heal wounds quickly. Snakehead fish extract ointment with a combination of kelulut honey, clove oil, golden sea cucumber extract, and green betel extract can accelerate wound healing. Standardization is a process carried out to ensure the stability, safety, quality, and efficacy of the natural ingredients used. This study aims to standardize simplicia (fish fillet) raw materials used for the manufacture of snakehead fish extract herbal ointment. The method used follows the Indonesian National Standard, samples were sent to LPPT UGM and Baristand Pontianak. The results of the simplicia (fish fillet) test for snakehead fish were 81.6% water content, 0.813% total ash content, 0.02% acid-insoluble ash content, 19.3% protein, 2.93% total fat, 0.01% iron mg/kg, zinc 0.002 mg/kg, and calcium 817 mg/kg and the alkaloid and tannin quality tests were negative. the results of the simplicia test (fish fillet) for snakehead fish E. coli 3 AMP/gr, ALT 3.2 x 104 colonies/g, and the Salmonella test also met the requirements. The results of characterization tests with various methods and parameters that have been carried out show that the simplicia (fish fillet) of snakehead fish (Channa striata) has good quality and quality to be processed into extracts 2023-07-01T00:00:00Z