http://localhost:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/11521 2026-04-08T21:49:48Z http://localhost:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/11565 Title: Histodynamics of Natural Killer Cells from a Healthy Donor Exposed to Exosomes from the Blood of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients Authors: Asrinda, Indria; Dhewayani Antarianto, Radiana; Aulia Jusuf, Ahmad; Rahman Ahani, Ardhi; Olivia Maurine Jasirwan, Chyntia; Ritchie, Ni Ken; Nur Aditya, Robby; Irawan, Cosphiadi Abstract: Abstract Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the leading form of liver cancer and the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths globally. Exosomes in the HCC microenvironment can induce significant changes in natural killer (NK) cells during endocytosis. The present study aimed to distinguish exosomes in the blood of HCC patients, analyze changes in NK cell phenotype, and evaluate peroxidase and toluidine blue staining as alternative methods for observing the changes. Methods: NK cells were collected from healthy donors, and exosomes were extracted from the blood of HCC patients. The exosomes were characterized in accordance with MISEV 2018 guidelines, and NK cells were incubated with HCC-derived exosomes. NK cell phenotype changes were assessed using immunofluorescence, toluidine blue staining, and peroxidase staining. Results: The identified exosomes measured 34.7 nm, had a charge of −4.33 mV, and were positive for CD81+. Changes in NK cell receptor expression following exposure to HCC exosomes were not significant (p > 0.05). Immunofluorescence confirmed exosome endocytosis by NK cells, toluidine blue staining revealed negative metachromasia and peroxidase staining indicated morphological NK cell changes. Conclusions: This study demonstrates that peroxidase and toluidine blue staining are effective for observing exosome endocytosis in NK cells, enhancing our understanding of HCC exosome-NK cell interactions and beneficial in developing future therapeutic strategies targeting the HCC microenvironment. Keywords: endocytosis, exosomes, hepatocellular carcinoma, natural killer cells, staining technique 2024-12-01T00:00:00Z http://localhost:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/11564 Title: Nurses’ Empathy, Burnout, and Contentment with Life in Turkey Authors: Mersin, Sevinç; İbrahimoğlu, , Özlem; Tuncer, Merve; Arslanoğlu, Ali Abstract: Abstract Background: Empathy has various consequences for nurses. Therefore, its effects on nurses should be identified. Thus, this study aimed to determine the relationships between empathy, burnout, and level of contentment with life in nurses and the characteristics that affect them. Methods: This descriptive–correlational study was conducted on 653 nurses in Turkey between November and December 2021. Data were collected using an information form, the Basic Empathy Scale, Burnout Measure Short Scale, and Contentment with Life Assessment Scale. Results: A positive, weak, and significant relationship was noted between the mean Basic Empathy Scale and Burnout Measure Scale scores. A significant negative and moderately strong relationship was found between the mean Burnout Measure Scale and Contentment with Life Assessment Scale scores. Conclusions: It is crucial that the increase in the level of empathy in nurses also increases their level of burnout. Therefore, examining the empathy skills of nurses through in-depth interviews may be indicated, as well as revealing the reasons for the effect of empathy on burnout. The results of this study can be beneficial for planning interventions to reduce burnout levels in nurses. Keywords: burnout, empathy, nurse, personal satisfaction, Turkey 2024-12-01T00:00:00Z http://localhost:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/11563 Title: The Association Between Sleep Quality, Depression, Anxiety, and Job-related Stress Among Nurses in Saudi Arabia Authors: Patague Mostoles, Romeo Jr Abstract: Abstract Background: This study examined the mediating role of sleep quality in the relationship between depression, anxiety, and job-related stress among nurses in Saudi Arabia. Methods: Sociodemographic information, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, depression, anxiety, and work-related stress were evaluated in 851 nurses. Structural equation modeling was used to investigate the mediation effect of sleep quality on mental health and job stress in nurses. Results: High rates of anxiety (65.9% severe, 34.1% moderate), depression (37.2% moderate to severe), and poor sleep (51.4%) were found. Sex, marital status, education, nationality, and smoking status significantly influenced mental health outcomes. For example, female, college-educated, non-Saudi, and smoker participants reported lower depression levels. Younger participants (aged 26–35) were associated with higher anxiety and lower poor sleep. Conclusions: This study revealed a significant prevalence of anxiety, depression, and sleep disturbances among nurses. Females and those with lower education levels and in specific age groups were more likely to experience poorer mental health. Poor sleep quality was strongly associated with anxiety and depression. These findings indicate the urgent need for comprehensive mental health assessments and interventions to improve the well-being of nurses. Keywords: anxiety, depression, nurses, psychological, Saudi Arabia, sleep disorders, stress 2024-12-01T00:00:00Z http://localhost:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/11562 Title: Investigation of the Relationship Between Nursing Students’ Ethical Sensitivities and Care Behaviors Authors: Yel, Pınar; Zengin, Neriman; Çetin Üçeriz, Ayşenur Abstract: Abstract Background: Care encompassing ethical and legal aspects is essential for nursing and involves actions that aim to improve individual well-being. In this study, we assessed the relationship between nursing students’ ethical sensitivity and care behaviors. Methods: This descriptive study included 191 students enrolled at a foundation university who consented to participate. Relevant data were gathered by using the Descriptive Information Form, Ethical Sensitivity Scale Adapted for Nursing Students, and Caring Behaviors Scale-24. Surveys were conducted face-to-face with the attending students and via Google Forms for the non-attending students. Results: The mean total score of the ethical sensitivity scale was 4.89 ± 0.60, indicating a moderate level, while the mean score for care behaviors was 5.32 ± 0.70, indicating a high level. Ethical sensitivity varied significantly by sex, and care behaviors varied according to sex and grade level (p < 0.05). A moderate positive correlation was found between ethical sensitivity and the total care behavior score (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Students had moderate ethical sensitivity and high care behaviors, with female students scoring higher in both areas compared to male students. In addition, higher ethical sensitivity levels were correlated with increased care behaviors. Keywords: ethics, nursing care, nursing student, Turkey 2024-12-01T00:00:00Z