http://localhost:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/10432 2026-04-09T07:00:32Z http://localhost:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/10446 Title: Evaluation of Blood Supplement Tablet Distribution at Community Health Centers (Puskesmas) in Sleman Regency Authors: Yuni Candra Sari, Veronika; Ayu Puspandari, Diah; Wahyuni Widayati, Anna Abstract: Background: Anemia is a condition often found in adolescent girls and pregnant women in developing countries. The government has made efforts to reduce cases of anemia through a program that provides blood supplement tablets to teenage girls and pregnant women. However, the distribution coverage in Sleman is still 85%. Objectives: This study aimed to determine how to distribute blood supplement tablets from the community health center. Methods: This research used a qualitative approach, data collection techniques with interviews, and observation of the document distribution process in 2022. The study was conducted using purposive sampling, and 35 respondents were health workers, teachers, pregnant women, and female students. The interview results were analyzed using content analysis. Results: The results of the observation document show that only one of the five indicators is still below standard: TOR, at Puskesmas A is 0,72 times, and at Puskesmas B is 0,44 times. The availability in Puskesmas B is 27 months. The supporting factors in the distribution are regulations, educating pregnant women, and the availability of blood supplement tablets. The inhibiting factors in the distribution process are the need for more budget for distribution to schools, the lack of schedule for distribution and taking blood supplement tablets together in schools, and the lack of education of health workers for teachers and female students. Conclusion: The process of distributing blood supplement tablets at the community health center in Sleman Regency is efficient and according to the guidelines for administering blood supplement tablets to pregnant women and female students. Keywords: anemia; blood supplement tablets; community health center; distribution; female student 2024-01-01T00:00:00Z http://localhost:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/10445 Title: Cost-effectiveness Study in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Asia: A Review Authors: Wiracana, I Made; Priyatni, Nunung; Maria Virginia, Dita Abstract: Background: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (DM) requires intensive treatment to prevent progression and complications. One of the intensive treatments is insulin therapy. The increase in insulin price and variation in insulin therapy results in differences in treatment costs. In Asia, commonly used types of insulin therapy are NPH insulin and glargine insulin. It is urgent to define the most cost-effective insulin therapy among type 2 DM patients because of the economic burden. Objectives: This study aims to assess the cost-effectiveness of these insulin types. We did a narrative review using literature discussing the cost-effectiveness of insulin for type 2 DM patients. Methods: This study employs a narrative review approach using the PRISMA-P 2015 structured approach to examine studies. This article's methodological quality was evaluated using the Drummond checklist. The terms "cost-effectiveness analysis," "diabetes mellitus type 2," and "insulin" were used in the literature search for this study. Results: We obtained five pieces of literature fulfilling inclusion and exclusion criteria. The results indicated that the age range of type 2 DM patients in this study is 57-62 years, with a majority being women. The most frequently occurring complication is cardiovascular complications. NPH insulin and glargine insulin were the most extensively studied insulins in the literature review. Conclusion: Based on the cost-effectiveness analysis, glargine insulin is more cost-effective than NPH insulin in Asia due to the rare occurrence of hypoglycemia which is a common side effect as a treatment outcomes. Keywords: Asia; cost-effectiveness; DM type 2; Insulin NPH; Insulin glargine 2024-01-01T00:00:00Z http://localhost:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/10444 Title: Evaluation of Antibiotic Use in the Internal Medicine Ward and ICU at Universitas Tanjungpura Hospital Pontianak with ATC/DDD Authors: Adhana Rifdah, Dzuria; IH, Hariyanto; Fajar Liana, Delima; Mardhia, Mardhia; Mahyarudin, Mahyarudin Abstract: Background: Evaluating the wise use of antibiotics is needed to control antibiotic resistance in hospitals. Objectives: This study aimed to analyze patient characteristics, antibiotic profiles, and quantitative use of antibiotics in inpatients prescribed by internal medicine specialists in the internal medicine ward and Intensive Care Unit (ICU) at Universitas Tanjungpura Hospital Pontianak from August to October 2022. Methods: This study method is descriptive observational, and data collection was done retrospectively using a purposive sampling technique. There were 143 samples that met the inclusion criteria, and then using the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical (ATC)/Defined Daily Dose (DDD) method, the samples were analyzed quantitatively. Results: Most patient characteristics were female patients (60.14%), patients aged 56-65 (26.57%), and the most common diagnosis was typhoid fever (32.74%). Of the 13 types of antibiotics used, cephalosporin was the most commonly prescribed antibiotic group to patients (58.48%), with the most types of antibiotics in ceftriaxone (42,69%) and intravenous administration of antibiotics was the standard route given to patients. The results of the quantitative analysis of all antibiotic prescriptions obtained a total value of 88.55 DDD/100 patient-days. Antibiotics with the most considerable DDD/100 patient-days value were ceftriaxone (44.71), followed by meropenem (10.46) and levofloxacin (9.28). Furthermore, the value of DDD/100 patient-days is not an indicator in determining the rational use of antibiotics, so further study must be done using the Gyssens method. Conclusion: The value of DDD/100 patient-days is not an indicator in determining the rational use of antibiotics, so further study must be done using the Gyssens method as qualitative evaluation to obtain information regarding the rationality of prescribing antibiotics. Keywords: Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical; Ceftriaxone; Cephalosporin; Defined Daily Dose; RS UNTAN 2024-01-01T00:00:00Z http://localhost:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/10443 Title: Factors Related to Herbal Medicine Use in Breastfeeding Mothers in Klaten Regency, Indonesia Authors: Aquariushinta Sayuti, Nutrisia; Atikah, Nur Abstract: Background: The diverse plant diversity promotes herbal medicine use for breastfeeding mothers in Klaten to promote postpartum health and breast milk production. However, factors related to herbal medicine use have not yet been studied. Objectives: The study aimed to identify factors related to herbal medicine use among breastfeeding mothers in the Klaten Regency. Methods: The study used a structured survey questionnaire in a cross-sectional approach. Survey participants were recruited from community health centers in Klaten. The survey instrument was validated questionnaires that consisted of predisposing, supporting, and need factors. Logistic regression analyzed factors related to herbal medicine used in breastfeeding mothers. Results: The survey of 111 breastfeeding mothers in Klaten Regency found that 78.40% of respondents used herbal medicine, with most aged 20-35. The most perceived health status of the mother and breastfed child was healthy. Most respondents agreed that herbal medicine was safer and more effective than conventional medicine. The logistical regression revealed that breast milk flow issues (p-value = 0.000) and the belief that herbs are more effective than chemical medications (p-value = 0.008) significantly influence the use of herbal medicine. Conclusion: The study concluded that the significant factors related to herbal medication use were breast milk's smoothness and the belief that herbal medicine is more efficacious than conventional medicine. The belief is often shaped by social culture and family experiences, leading to the possibility of incorrect information. Health professionals are crucial in providing information about herbal medicine and recommending its use to promote health and prevent health problems. Keywords: Breastfeeding Mothers; Factors; Herbal medicine; Klaten Regency 2024-01-01T00:00:00Z