DSpace Collection: 669 - 831

A sbiT-sbiRS-gloIo regulatory circuit is involved in oxidative stress tolerance of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia

2025-01-06T04:37:53Z

Title: A sbiT-sbiRS-gloIo regulatory circuit is involved in oxidative stress tolerance of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia Authors: Wu, Cheng-Mu; Lee, Yi-Tzu; Lu, Hsu-Feng Abstract: The sbiT-sbiR-sbiS operon of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia encodes an innermembrane protein SbiT and a SbiS-SbiR two-component regulatory system. A sbiT mutant displayed a growth defect in LB agar. Mechanism studies revealed that sbiT deletion resulted in SbiSR activation and gloIo upregulation, which increased intracellular ROS level and caused growth defect.

In vitro induction and selection of fluoroquinolone-resistant mutants in Elizabethkingia anophelis

2025-01-06T04:37:40Z

Title: In vitro induction and selection of fluoroquinolone-resistant mutants in Elizabethkingia anophelis Authors: Lee, Ching-Chi; Lai, Chung-Hsu; Lin, Shang-Yi Abstract: For 29 parent strains, recognized by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, the MICs multiplied significantly in the ciprofloxacin group than levofloxacin group, following the first and third induction cycle. Ser83Arg in GyrA was the most common site of mutations. No mutation in ParC nor ParE was identified in the selected mutants.

Clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients with candidemia during the COVID-19 pandemic: Insights from experience in the Omicron era

2025-01-06T04:34:44Z

Title: Clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients with candidemia during the COVID-19 pandemic: Insights from experience in the Omicron era Authors: Lin, Geng-Lou; Chang, Po-Hsun; Lee, Ing-Kit; dkk. Abstract: Background: In Taiwan, COVID-19 outbreaks caused by the Omicron variant occurred in 2022. We investigated the incidence of candidemia during COVID-19 pandemic and the mortality of candidemia patients with COVID-19 in Taiwan. Methods: The incidence of candidemia and fluconazole susceptibility of Candida species before (2015e2019) and during COVID-19 pandemic (2020e2023) at Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital were investigated. The associated factors with mortality in candidemia patients during COVID-19 pandemic were analyzed. Candidemia patients who had COVID-19 within the prior 90 days (case group, n Z 34) were propensity-score matched for age, ICU admission, and abdominal surgery in a 1:4 ratio with candidemia patients without COVID-19 (control group, n Z 136). Results: Age (adjusted odds ratio [AOR]Z1.02, 95% CI: 1.01e1.03), ICU stay (AORZ1.84, 95% CI: 1.29e2.62), higher Charlson comorbidity index (AOR Z 1.08, 95% CI: 1.03e1.13), corticosteroid use (AOR Z 1.50, 95% CI: 1.04e2.17) were associated with increased risk of mortality; abdominal surgery (AOR Z 0.47, 95% CI: 0.29e0.74) and infected by Candida parapsilosis (AOR Z 0.61, 95% CI: 0.38e0.98) were associated with decreased risk of mortality. After matching, there was no significant difference in mortality rates between the case and control groups. The incidence of candidemia increased from 196 to 278 patients/100,000 admissions during COVID-19 pandemic, while the causative species of candidemia and fluconazole susceptibility rates were similar. Conclusion: While the incidence of candidemia increased during COVID-19 pandemic, there was no significant difference in mortality between candidemia patients with and without COVID-19 in the Omicron era.

Bacterial profile, and independent predictors for healthcare-associated pneumonia persistently caused by multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria for patients with the preceding multidrugresistant Gram-negative pneumonia in Taiwan

2025-01-06T04:33:29Z

Title: Bacterial profile, and independent predictors for healthcare-associated pneumonia persistently caused by multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria for patients with the preceding multidrugresistant Gram-negative pneumonia in Taiwan Authors: Kuo, Li-Kuo; Chang, Hou-Tai; Hsueh, Shun-Chung Abstract: Objectives: To understand the microbial profile and investigate the independent predictors for healthcare-associated pneumonia (HCAP) pertinaciously caused by isolates of multidrug-resistant (MDR) Gram-negative bacteria (GNB). Methods: Multicenter ICU patients who received appropriate antibiotic treatments for preceding pneumonia due to MDR GNB isolates and subsequently developed HCAP caused by either MDR GNB (n Z 126) or non-MDR GNB (n Z 40) isolates in Taiwan between 2018 and 2023 were enrolled. Between the groups of patients with HCAP due to MDR GNB and non-MDR GNB, the proportions of the following variables, including demographic characteristics, important comorbidities, nursing home residence, physiological severity, intervals between two hospitalizations, steroid use, the tracheostomy tube use alone, ventilator support, and the predominant GNB species involving HCAP, were analyzed using the chi-square test. Logistic regression was employed to explore the independent predictors for HCAP persistently caused by MDR GNB in the aforementioned variables with a P-value of <0.15 in the univariate analysis. Results: MDR-Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Acinetobacter baumannii complex were the three predominant species causing HCAP. Chronic structural lung disorders, diabetes mellitus, intervals of 30 days between two hospitalizations, use of the tracheostomy tube alone, and prior pneumonia caused by MDR A. baumannii complex were shown to independently predict the HCAP tenaciously caused by MDR GNB. Conversely, the preceding pneumonia caused by MDR P. aeruginosa was a negative predictor. Conclusion: Identifying predictors for HCAP persistently caused by MDR GNB is crucial for prescribing appropriate antibiotics.