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Association between Socioeconomic Status and Homeostasis Model Assessment‑Insulin Resistance Index and Mediating Variables at the First Trimester of Pregnancy

2022-07-17T16:05:49Z

Title: Association between Socioeconomic Status and Homeostasis Model Assessment‑Insulin Resistance Index and Mediating Variables at the First Trimester of Pregnancy Authors: Mohammadi, Raziyeh; Goodarzi‑Khoigani, Masoomeh; Allameh, Zahra; Mahmoodabad, Seyed Saeed Mazloomy; Moghadam, Mohammad Hossein Baghiani; Nadjarzadeh, Azadeh; Mardanian, Farahnaz Abstract: Some studies have shown that Socioeconomic Status (SES) is positively related to insulin resistance among different population groups, except for pregnant women. Therefore, we examined the relationship between SES and Homeostasis Model Assessment‑Insulin Resistance (HOMA‑IR) index as well as mediating variables. Materials and Methods: This study was performed on 138 primiparous healthy women at 6–10 weeks of pregnancy. The association between SES and HOMA‑IR was analyzed by regression analysis, and mediating variables were determined by mediation analysis. Results: SES score was positively correlated with HOMA‑IR index [β = 0.02, t101 = 2.20, p = 0.03, 95% CI: (0.00–0.05]. The higher percentage of mediation was related to maternal weigh (70.80%). Job activity had a protective effect on the association between SES and HOMA‑IR (‑62.50%). The total percentage of two mediators was 25%. Conclusions: The positive relationship between SES and (HOMA‑IR) in early pregnancy may provide a way to control this condition

Needlestick Injury and Psychomotor Performance as Measured by Pursuit‑Aiming Test in Health‑Care Professionals

2022-07-17T16:00:27Z

Title: Needlestick Injury and Psychomotor Performance as Measured by Pursuit‑Aiming Test in Health‑Care Professionals Authors: Pouryaghoub, Gholamreza; Azizi‑Alvandi, Akbar; Izadi, Nazanin

Effect of Implementing a Life Skills Program on the Perceptions of Aging and Self‑efficacy in Postmenopausal Women: A Field Trial

2022-07-17T15:57:17Z

Title: Effect of Implementing a Life Skills Program on the Perceptions of Aging and Self‑efficacy in Postmenopausal Women: A Field Trial Authors: Dibaj, Zahra; Boromandfar, Zahra; Maghsoudi, Jahangir Abstract: Complications experienced by women during menopause affect their self‑efficacy and can cause a negative attitude toward this period and lifestyle changes. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of a life skills program on the perception of aging and self‑efficacy in postmenopausal women. Materials and Methods: This study was performed as a field trial on 70 postmenopausal women referring to Imam Ali and Navaab Safavi health centers in Isfahan, Iran, in 2018–19. The eligible subjects were randomly divided into experimental and control groups using a number table. The experimental group received the life skills program in five sessions and the control group shared their experiences in two sessions. Data were collected using a demographic characteristics form and the Ageing Perceptions Questionnaire (APQ) and General Self‑Efficacy Scale (GSE) and were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistical tests in SPSS software. Results: The results revealed that the mean score of aging perception immediately and 1 month after the intervention in the experimental group was significantly lower than that in the control group (p < 0.001). There was a significant increase in the self‑efficacy score in the experimental group immediately (F1,67 = 121.89, p < 0.001) and 1 month after the intervention (F1,67 = 121.89, p < 0.001) compared to the control group. Conclusions: This life skills program was able to reduce the perception of aging and physical complaints during menopause and improve self‑efficacy in women. Therefore, the implementation of this intervention is recommended in women.

The Effects of Passive Blinking on Exposure Keratopathy among Patients in Intensive Care Units

2022-07-17T15:54:12Z

Title: The Effects of Passive Blinking on Exposure Keratopathy among Patients in Intensive Care Units Authors: Rezaei, Korosh; Amini, Nazanin; Rezaei, Reza; Rafiei, Fatemeh; Harorani, Mehdi Abstract: Mental concerns of living donors can be a solid barrier to logical and informed decision‑making for organ donation. The present study explores living donors’ mental concerns and problems during the process of decision‑making for organ donation. Materials and Methods: The present study was performed using qualitative content analysis. Twenty‑one participants were selected by purposive sampling. The data were collected and recorded through semistructured interviews and analyzed by MAX Qualitative Data Analysis software 12, based on Graneheim and Lundman’s contractual content analysis method. Results: Data analysis extracted 425 codes, 13 subcategories, 3 main categories, and 1 core theme (conflict between doubt and certainty). The three main categories were individual barriers and concerns (faced by the donor), interpersonal concerns and barriers (experienced by the family), and socio‑organizational concerns and barriers (at the community). Conclusions: Based on the results, donors have significant concerns and face major problems when deciding on organ donation. Therefore, health‑care professionals should take into account organ donors’ concerns, raise awareness of donor associations, and formulate policies to increase living donors’ satisfaction.