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Carbetosine, a Long-acting Oxytocin Agonist, as a Uterotonic in the Prevention of the Occurrence of Postpartum Bleeding

2025-06-05T04:43:21Z

Title: Carbetosine, a Long-acting Oxytocin Agonist, as a Uterotonic in the Prevention of the Occurrence of Postpartum Bleeding Authors: Izaak, Revynca Petronella Abstract: Objective: To evaluate the comparative effect of carbetocin versus other uterotonic agents (misoprostol and oxytocin) in preventing postpartum bleeding. Methods: Medical search engines such as Pubmed, Google Scholar, and Cochrane were used for literature searches. The literature covered the period from 2013 to 2023. Keywords used were “Carbetocin” or “long-acting oxytocin” and “uterotonic”, “post-partum hemorrhage” or “post-partum bleeding.” Data analysis was conducted using the RevMan 5.4 application. Results: This study involved 12 clinical trials involving a total sample of 32,312 people. Based on forest plot analysis, it was found that patients receiving carbetocin therapy had a 0.42 times lower risk of developing postpartum compared to those receiving other uterotonic agents (misoprostol and oxytocin) (OR: 0.42; 95% CI: 0.26-0.68; p<0.0004; with heterogeneity p<0.00001, I2 85%) Conclusion: Carbetocin, with its effectiveness and efficacy, can be considered as one modality for preventing postpartum hemorrhage in comparison to other uterotonic agents, such as misoprostol and oxytocin. In addition to that, it can benefit women at risk of having a major obstetric hemorrhage

Unusual Location: Omental Ectopic Pregnancy Interesting Case Report

2025-06-05T03:50:02Z

Title: Unusual Location: Omental Ectopic Pregnancy Interesting Case Report Authors: Tamara, Yosi; Singgih, Rendy Abstract: Objective: Omentum pregnancy is an ectopic pregnancy in the abdominal cavity. The event has high morbidity and mortality. The purpose of this case is to present a rare case of abdominal ectopic pregnancy that occurred in a young woman. Methods: Case report. Results: A 22-year-old woman at 16 weeks gestation presented with abdominal pain and clinical shock. Examination results revealed pregnancy outside the womb, with an estimated fetal weight of 193 grams and positive heart activity. The patient underwent laparotomy surgery, revealing that the pregnancy had occurred in the omentum organ with placental attachment. Conclusion: In this case, emergency management began with the patient's reception in the emergency department, followed by laparotomy exploration. After a meticulous surgery, the pregnancy's location was identified in the omentum, and the evacuation of pregnancy products was performed. The patient received treatment for several days until being discharged home. Early diagnosis and interprofessional management are crucial if similar conditions are suspected in the future to prevent morbidity.

Mosaic Form of Turner Syndrome

2025-06-05T03:42:53Z

Title: Mosaic Form of Turner Syndrome Authors: Laqif, Abdurahman; Wijayanti, Agung Sari; Moelyo, Annang Giri; Budihastuti, Uki Retno; Melinawati, Eriana Abstract: Objective: To report a case of breast growth disorder in a mosaic form of Turner Syndrome. Turner syndrome is a chromosomal condition characterized by small height and primary ovarian insufficiency that affects one in every 2500 female births. Mosaicism is likely to occur when monosomy X develops in only a few cells during development. The clinical presentation of Turner syndrome mosaicism is atypical, with symptom severity varying based on the number of affected cells. This case discusses issues with secondary sex development, including mild hyperandrogenism, and explores how combination hormonal treatment can aid in enhancing secondary sex development. Method: Case Report. Case: A 21-year-old woman presented with chief complaint of the lack of breast enlargement. She exhibited normal genitalia internally and externally and had a regular menstrual cycle. Karyotyping revealed a mosaic pattern of 45, X/46, XX (1 percent/99%) with normal estradiol levels and elevated testosterone levels (indicating mild hyperandrogenism). The patient underwent two cycles of hormone therapy using Ethinyl Estradiol and Drospirenone, resulting in breast growth progression from Tanner stage 1 to Tanner stage 2. Conclusion: Mosaicism in Turner syndrome is plausible, and the severity of clinical symptoms correlates with the number of defective chromosomes. The presentation of Turner syndrome mosaicism varies, and therapy should be tailored to address specific symptoms. While breast development is observed in some girls with Turner Syndrome, instances of breast growth disorder may occur, involving estrogen activity and estrogen receptor sensitivity. Although the exact cause of impaired breast growth remains unknown, administering estrogen in such cases can improve secondary sexual characteristics.

Serum Vitamin D Levels, Visual Analog Scale Dysmenorrhea Score, and Endometriosis ASRM Classification: a Relationship Study

2025-06-05T03:39:19Z

Title: Serum Vitamin D Levels, Visual Analog Scale Dysmenorrhea Score, and Endometriosis ASRM Classification: a Relationship Study Authors: Abadi, Adnan; Rizany, Selly; Agustiansyah, Patiyus; Nurtjahyo, Awan; Irfanuddin; Usman, Fatimah; Hartati Abstract: Objective: To assess the correlation between vitamin D levels, dysmenorrhea intensity measured by the visual analogue scale (VAS), and the stage of endometriosis determined by the American Society of Reproductive Medicine (ASRM) grading score. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted involving 37 women diagnosed with suspected endometriosis who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The aim was to determine the correlation between vitamin D levels, dysmenorrhea VAS scores, and the ASRM endometriosis stage at RSUP Dr. Mohammad Hoesin Palembang from November 2021 to April 2022. Bivariate analysis was employed to assess correlation, utilizing Pearson's correlation test and the Spearman Rank correlation test as an alternative method. Results: There was a significant positive correlation between vitamin D levels and the VAS score for dysmenorrhea (r = 0.678; p = 0.000) and a very strong positive correlation between vitamin D levels and the degree of endometriosis (r = 0.774; p = 0.000) based on Spearman Rho's correlation test. Conclusion: There is a significant relationship between vitamin D levels with the VAS score of dysmenorrhea and the degree of endometriosis ASRM.